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Veal Veng Reconciliation Center: Oral History & Health Observation

แž“แŸ…แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแž‘แžธแŸฉ แžแŸ‚แž€แž€แŸ’แž€แžŠแžถ แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸขแŸ แŸขแŸฅ แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž˜แž‡แŸ’แžˆแž˜แžŽแŸ’แžŒแž›แž•แŸ’แžŸแŸ‡แž•แŸ’แžŸแžถแžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„ แž“แŸƒแž˜แž‡แŸ’แžˆแž˜แžŽแŸ’แžŒแž›แžฏแž€แžŸแžถแžšแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถ แž”แžถแž“แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŠแŸ†แžŽแžพแžšแž‘แŸ…แž€แžถแž“แŸ‹แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž› แžƒแžปแŸ†แžขแž“แŸ’แž›แž„แŸ‹แžšแžถแž” แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž–แŸ„แž’แžทแŸแžŸแžถแžแŸ‹ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž˜แžถแž“แž…แž˜แŸ’แž„แžถแž™แž”แŸ’แžšแž˜แžถแžŽแŸกแŸ แž‚แžธแžกแžผแž˜แŸ‰แŸ‚แžแŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‰แŸ‚แž€แžแžถแž„แž›แžทแž…แž“แŸƒแž˜แž‡แŸ’แžˆแž˜แžŽแŸ’แžŒแž›แž•แŸ’แžŸแŸ‡แž•แŸ’แžŸแžถแžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„แŸ” แž‚แŸ„แž›แž”แŸ†แžŽแž„แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž˜แž‡แŸ’แžˆแž˜แžŽแŸ’แžŒแž›แž•แŸ’แžŸแŸ‡แž•แŸ’แžŸแžถแžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„แž…แžปแŸ‡แž‘แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž› แž‚แžบแžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแžŸแžฝแžšแžŸแžปแžแž‘แžปแž€แŸ’แž แžŸแŸ’แžแžถแž”แŸ‹แžšแžฟแž„แžšแŸ‰แžถแžœแžขแŸ’แž“แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แžšแžถแž“แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแžทแžแž–แžธแžšแž”แž”แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜ แž“แžทแž„แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแžŸแžปแžแž—แžถแž–แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž–แžฝแž€แž‚แžถแžแŸ‹แž“แžถแž–แŸแž›แž”แž…แŸ’แž…แžปแž”แŸ’แž”แž“แŸ’แž“แŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž”แžถแž“แž‡แžฝแž”แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž—แžถแžŸแž“แŸแž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžขแŸ’แž“แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แžšแžถแž“แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแžทแžแž–แžธแžšแž”แž”แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸค (แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸฃแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹) แžŠแžผแž…แžแžถแž„แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž˜แŸ–

On July 9 2025, a team from the Veal Veng Reconciliation Center conducted a field visit to Kandal Village, Anlong Reap Commune, Veal Veng District, Pursat Province, located approximately 10 kilometers west of the Center. The primary objective of the visit was to engage with survivors of the Khmer Rouge regime, to document their personal testimonies, and to assess their current health conditions. During the mission, the team interviewed four survivors as outlined below:

แž“แžถแž„แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แž‘แŸแž– แž•แž“ แžขแžถแž™แžปแŸงแŸจแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž€แŸ†แžŽแžพแžแž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžแžถแž›แŸ„ แžƒแžปแŸ†แžแžถแž›แŸ„ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž”แžถแž€แžถแž“ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž–แŸ„แž’แžทแŸแžŸแžถแžแŸ‹แŸ” แž”แž…แŸ’แž…แžปแž”แŸ’แž”แž“แŸ’แž“แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž› แžƒแžปแŸ†แžขแž“แŸ’แž›แž„แžšแžถแž” แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž–แŸ„แž’แžทแŸแžŸแžถแžแŸ‹แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžŠแžธแžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แžŸแŸแž€ แž†แžฝแž“(แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แžŠแŸ„แž™แžŸแžถแžšแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž™แž€แž‘แŸ…แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹)แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž€แžผแž“แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸกแŸ แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ แž€แžผแž“แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แž‘แž‘แžฝแž›แž˜แžšแžŽแŸˆแž—แžถแž–แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸฅแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŠแŸ„แž™แžŸแžถแžšแž‡แŸ†แž„แžบแŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แžชแž–แžปแž€แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แžœแžทแž (แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹) แž“แžทแž„แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แžŸแŸแžŸ แžขแžถแž“แŸ‹ (แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹)แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแžแž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸกแŸ แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹(แž”แŸ’แžšแžปแžŸแŸฅแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแŸฅแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹) แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แž‘แž‘แžฝแž›แž˜แžšแžŽแŸˆแž—แžถแž–แŸงแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹(แž”แŸ’แžšแžปแžŸแŸคแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแŸฃแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹)แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž‡แžถแž€แžผแž“แž‘แžธแŸก แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแŸ”

แž€แžถแž›แž–แžธแž€แŸ’แž˜แŸแž„แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžšแŸ€แž“แž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‘แžธแŸกแŸขโ€‹แž…แžถแžŸแŸ‹ แž“แŸ…แžŸแžถแž›แžถแž”แž‹แž˜แžŸแžทแž€แŸ’แžŸแžถ-แžแžถแž›แŸ„ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžŸแŸ’แžแžทแžแž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžแžถแž›แŸ„ แžƒแžปแŸ†แžแžถแž›แŸ„ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž”แžถแž€แžถแž“ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž–แŸ„แž’แžทแŸแžŸแžถแžแŸ‹แŸ” แž˜แžผแž›แž แŸแžแžปแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžˆแž”แŸ‹แžšแŸ€แž“แžŠแŸ„แž™แžŸแžถแžšแžแŸ‚แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแž—แžถแž–แž€แŸ’แžšแžธแž€แŸ’แžš แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž˜แžทแž“แžขแžถแž…แž”แž“แŸ’แžแž€แžถแžšแžŸแžทแž€แŸ’แžŸแžถแž”แžถแž“แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแžˆแž”แŸ‹แžšแŸ€แž“แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แž‡แžฝแž™แž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แž…แž˜แŸ’แž€แžถแžš แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž•แŸ’แž‘แŸ‡ แž˜แžพแž›แžแŸ‚แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แŸ—แž“แžทแž„แžŠแžพแžšแž”แŸแŸ‡แž€แŸ’แžŠแžนแž”แžชแžกแžนแž€ แž€แŸ’แžŠแžนแž”แžแŸ’แžšแžŸแž€แŸ‹แž™แž€แž‘แŸ…แž›แž€แŸ‹ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž”แžถแž“แž›แžปแž™แž™แž€แž˜แž€แž•แŸ’แž‚แžแŸ‹แž•แŸ’แž‚แž„แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแŸ”

แž“แŸ…แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแž‘แžธแŸกแŸจ แžแŸ‚แž˜แžธแž“แžถ แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸ  แž›แŸ„แž€แžงแžแŸ’แžŠแž˜แžŸแŸแž“แžธแž™แŸ แž›แž“แŸ‹ แž“แž›แŸ‹ แž”แžถแž“แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž”แŸ’แžšแž แžถแžšแž‘แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžŠแŸแž… แž“แžšแŸ„แžแŸ’แžแž˜ แžŸแžธแž แž“แžป แž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแž˜แžปแž“แžแŸ†แžŽแŸ‚แž„แŸ” แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžขแŸ†แžกแžปแž„แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž˜แžทแž“แž‘แžถแž“แŸ‹แž˜แžถแž“แž แŸแžแžปแž€แžถแžšแžŽแŸแžขแŸ’แžœแžธแž‘แŸ แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แžขแžถแž…แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž”แžถแž“แž’แž˜แŸ’แž˜แžแžถแŸ” แž›แžปแŸ‡แžŠแž›แŸ‹แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸฃ แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แž€แžถแŸ†แž„แž”แžถแž“แž”แžพแž€แž™แž“แŸ’แžแž แŸ„แŸ‡แž‡แžถแž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฟแž„แž˜แž€แž‘แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แŸ‚แž€แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แŸ” แž–แŸแž›แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž˜แžถแž“แž€แžถแžšแžแž€แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž›แžปแžแž“แžทแž„แž…แž›แžถแž…แž›แž‡แžถแžแŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„ แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แžแŸ’แž›แŸ‡แž”แžถแž“แž“แžถแŸ†แž€แžผแž“แž…แŸ…แžšแžแŸ‹แžŸแŸ†แžŠแŸ…แž‘แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแžŸแŸ’แž„แž”แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž„แžถแžแŸ‹แž€แžถแžšแž‘แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แŸ‚แž€ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžƒแžพแž‰แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž˜แžฝแž™แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แžšแž„แžšแž”แžฝแžŸแž‡แžถแž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ แžšแžธแžฏแž•แŸ’แž‘แŸ‡แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž”แŸ‚แž„แž‡แžถแž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แž†แžถแž”แŸ‹แž†แŸแŸ‡ แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ†แž•แŸ’แž›แžทแž…แž”แŸ†แž•แŸ’แž›แžถแž‰แž‚แŸ’แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแž›แŸ‹ แž‚แŸ„แž€แŸ’แžšแž”แžธแžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž‚แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž›แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แŸ—แž‡แžธแž€แžšแžŽแŸ’แžŠแŸ…แžแŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸแž‘แžปแž€แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แŸ”

แž“แŸ…แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแž‘แžธแŸกแŸง แžแŸ‚แž˜แŸแžŸแžถ แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸฅ แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แžœแžถแž™แž•แŸ’แžŠแžฝแž›แžšแž›แŸ†แžšแž”แž”แž›แŸ„แž€แžงแžแŸ’แžŠแž˜แžŸแŸแž“แžธแž™แŸ แž›แž“แŸ‹ แž“แž›แŸ‹แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแž‘แž‘แžฝแž›แž”แžถแž“แž‡แŸแž™แž‡แž˜แŸ’แž“แŸ‡แž“แŸ…แž‘แžธแž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž„แž—แŸ’แž“แŸ†แž–แŸแž‰ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžƒแžพแž‰แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŠแŸ†แžŽแžพแžšแž…แžผแž›แž˜แž€แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž แžพแž™แž”แžถแž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž„แŸ” แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž•แŸ’แžŠแžพแž˜แžŸแŸŠแžพแž”แž“แžทแž„แžŸแŸ’แžšแžถแžœแž‡แŸ’แžšแžถแžœแž”แŸ’แžšแžœแžแŸ’แžแžทแžšแžผแž”แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžท แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž’แŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž‡แžถแž‘แžถแž แžถแž“ แž›แž“แŸ‹ แž“แž›แŸ‹ แž—แžถแž‚แž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž‘แŸ…แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แŸ” แž–แŸแž›แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž–แžผแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แŸ’แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž™แž€แž‘แŸ…แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹ แžŠแŸ„แž™แžŸแžถแžšแžแŸ‚แž‚แžถแžแŸ‹แž‡แžถแžขแžแžธแžแž‘แžถแž แžถแž“แž”แŸ‰แžถแžšแŸ‰แžถ แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแžŸแŸ’แžšแžถแžœแž‡แŸ’แžšแžถแžœแž”แŸ’แžšแžœแžแŸ’แžแžทแžšแžผแž”แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แž”แž‰แŸ’แž…แž”แŸ‹ แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแžแžŸแž แž€แžšแžŽแŸแž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž”แŸ’แžšแž˜แžผแž›แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž—แžถแžšแŸˆแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžšแž”แžšแžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹แžšแžฝแž˜ แž แžผแž”แžšแžฝแž˜ แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžšแžฝแž˜ แž“แžทแž„แžŸแŸ’แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž“แŸ…แžšแžฝแž˜แŸ”

แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž”แŸ‚แž„แž…แŸ‚แž€แžฒแŸ’แž™แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžถแž€แž„แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžš แž€แž„แž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แž‡แž“ แž“แžทแž„แž€แž„แž˜แž“แžปแžŸแŸ’แžŸแž…แžถแžŸแŸ‹แŸ” แž–แŸแž›แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แžœแŸแž™แž‡แŸ†แž‘แž„แŸ‹แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž‡แŸ’แžšแžพแžŸแžšแžพแžŸแžฒแŸ’แž™แž…แžผแž›แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แž„แž…แž›แŸแž แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแž˜แžถแž‡แžทแž€แž…แž“แŸ’แž›แŸ„แŸ‡แž–แžธแŸขแŸ แŸ แž‘แŸ…แŸฃแŸ แŸ แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแž‡แŸ’แžšแžพแžŸแžšแžพแžŸแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž”แŸ‚แž„แž…แŸ‚แž€แž‡แžถแž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แžแžผแž…แŸ— แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž˜แžฝแž™แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž˜แžถแž“แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแŸกแŸขแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแž’แžถแž“แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž˜แŸ’แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžŠแžนแž€แž“แžถแŸ†แž€แžผแž“แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แžฒแŸ’แž™แž…แžปแŸ‡แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแŸ” แžขแŸ’แž“แž€แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแž„แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แž„แž…แž›แŸแžแžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แž“แžถแžšแžธ แžœแŸ‰แžถแžแŸ‹แŸ” แž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แžฒแŸ’แž™แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŠแŸ†แž”แžผแž„แž‚แžบ แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž‡แžธแž€แž”แŸ’แžšแžกแžถแž™แž–แžธแž—แžผแž˜แžทแžแžถแž›แŸ„แž€ แžšแž แžผแžแž‘แŸ…แžŠแž›แŸ‹แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž”แŸ’แžšแž แžถแž› แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžŸแŸ’แžแžทแžแž“แŸ…แžƒแžปแŸ†แžแžถแž›แŸ„ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžแžถแž›แŸ„แžŸแŸ‚แž“แž‡แŸแž™ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž–แŸ„แž’แžทแŸแžŸแžถแžแŸ‹แž”แž…แŸ’แž…แžปแž”แŸ’แž”แž“แŸ’แž“แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแž‡แžธแž€แž”แŸ’แžšแžกแžถแž™แžšแžฝแž…แžšแžถแž›แŸ‹ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž•แŸ’แž›แžถแžŸแŸ‹แž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแž—แžผแž˜แžทแž”แŸ’แžšแž แžถแž› แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแžฒแŸ’แž™แž‘แŸ…แž‡แžฝแž™แž›แžพแž€แž‘แŸ†แž“แž”แŸ‹แž“แŸ…แžŠแŸ†แžŽแžถแž€แŸ‹แžˆแžพแž€แŸ’แžšแŸ† แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžŸแŸ’แžแžทแžแž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž–แŸ’แžšแŸ‚แž€แŸก แžƒแžปแŸ†แžŸแŸ†แžšแŸ„แž„ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž—แŸ’แž“แŸ†แž€แŸ’แžšแžœแžถแž‰ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž–แŸ„แž’แžทแŸแžŸแžถแžแŸ‹ แŸ” แž–แŸแž›แž•แŸ’แž›แžถแžŸแŸ‹แž˜แž€แž›แžพแž€แž‘แŸ†แž“แž”แŸ‹แž“แŸ…แžŠแŸ†แžŽแžถแž€แŸ‹แžˆแžพแž€แŸ’แžšแŸ†แžŠแŸ†แž”แžผแž„ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž€แžถแžšแž›แŸ†แž”แžถแž€แž‡แžถแžแŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„ แž–แŸ’แžšแŸ„แŸ‡แž€แžถแžšแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž–แž›แž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แž˜แžทแž“แžŸแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž€แŸ” แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžขแžถแž แžถแžšแž แžผแž”แž…แžปแž€แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แžŠแžถแŸ†แž”แžถแž™แž…แŸ†แž แžปแž™ แž แžผแž”แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž›แž˜แŸ’แž‡แžผแžšแž–แŸ’แžšแž›แžทแž แž“แžทแž„แž˜แŸ’แž‡แžผแžšแžแŸ’แžšแž€แžฝแž“แž‡แžถแžšแŸ€แž„แžšแžถแž›แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž›แžพแž€แž‘แŸ†แž“แž”แŸ‹แž“แŸ…แžŠแŸ†แžŽแžถแž€แŸ‹แžˆแžพแž€แŸ’แžšแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แŸกแŸ แžแŸ‚ แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€แž‘แŸ†แž“แž”แŸ‹แžŠแŸ†แžŽแžถแž€แŸ‹แžˆแžพแž€แŸ’แžšแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แž”แžถแž€แŸ‹แŸ” แž–แŸแž›แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž›แžพแž€แž‘แŸ†แž“แž”แŸ‹แž“แŸ…แžŠแŸ†แžŽแžถแž€แŸ‹แžˆแžพแž€แŸ’แžšแŸ†แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แžขแžŸแŸ‹แž˜แžถแž“แžขแžถแžšแž˜แŸ’แž˜แžŽแŸแž—แŸแž™แžแŸ’แž›แžถแž… แž“แžทแž„แž–แŸ’แžšแžฝแž™แž”แžถแžšแž˜แŸ’แž—แž‡แžถแžแŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„ แž–แŸ’แžšแŸ„แŸ‡แžแŸ’แž›แžถแž…แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž™แž€แž‘แŸ…แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแž‘แŸ†แž“แž”แŸ‹แž”แžถแž“แž”แžถแž€แŸ‹แž”แžถแž“แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แŸขแžแŸ’แž„แŸƒ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž”แŸ’แžšแž แŸ‚แž›แŸฃแŸ แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‘แŸ€แž แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แž”แž„ แž˜แŸ‰แžนแž„ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž‡แžถแž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž˜แž€แž–แžธแž‘แžธแž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž„แž—แŸ’แž“แŸ†แž–แŸแž‰ แž‡แž˜แŸ’แž›แŸ€แžŸแž‘แŸ…แžฒแŸ’แž™แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž”แžถแžแŸ‹แžŠแŸ†แž”แž„แŸ” แž–แŸแž›แž‘แŸ…แžŠแž›แŸ‹แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž”แžถแžแŸ‹แžŠแŸ†แž”แž„ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แŸฃแŸ แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แž”แž„ แž˜แŸ‰แžนแž„ แž”แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžผแž“แžฒแŸ’แž™แž‘แŸ…แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžšแŸ„แž„แž…แž€แŸ’แžšแž•แž›แžทแžแž€แž“แŸ’แžŸแŸ‚แž„แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแžšแŸ„แž„แž…แž€แŸ’แžšแž•แž›แžทแžแž€แž“แŸ’แžŸแŸ‚แž„แž”แžถแž“แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แŸกแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ† แž”แžถแž“แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแŸแž…แžˆแž”แŸ‹ แž แžพแž™แž•แŸ’แž›แžถแžŸแŸ‹แž”แžถแž“แž˜แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžขแŸŠแŸ†แžŸแŸ€แž“(แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธ) แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž‡แžถแž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แž˜แžธแž„แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžœแžทแž‰ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžŸแŸ’แžแžทแžแž—แžผแž˜แžทแžŸแŸ’แž›แž€แŸ’แžšแžถแž˜ แžƒแžปแŸ†แžŸแŸ’แž›แž€แŸ’แžšแžถแž˜ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžŸแŸ’แžœแžถแž™แž…แŸแž€ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž”แžถแžแŸ‹แžŠแŸ†แž”แž„ (แž”แž…แŸ’แž…แžปแž”แŸ’แž”แž“แŸ’แž“แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž™แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แŸแž™)แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแžˆแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžšแŸ„แž„แž…แž€แŸ’แžšแž”แžถแž“แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แŸขแžแŸ‚ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž‡แŸ’แžšแžพแžŸแžšแžพแžŸแžฒแŸ’แž™แž…แžผแž›แž‡แžถแž€แž„แž“แžถแžšแžธแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แž„แž–แž›แž›แŸแžแŸข แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž˜แžถแž“แž‘แžธแžแžถแŸ†แž„แž“แŸ…แž•แŸ’แžŸแžถแžšแž›แžพแžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž”แžถแžแŸ‹แžŠแŸ†แž”แž„ (แžขแŸ’แž“แž€แž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแž„แž˜แžทแž“แž…แžถแŸ†แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡)แŸ” แž–แŸแž›แž…แžผแž›แž‡แžถแž€แž„แž“แžถแžšแžธแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แž”แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžผแž“แž˜แž€แž€แž“แŸ’แž›แŸ‚แž„แž…แžปแž„แž—แŸ… แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแžŠแžถแŸ†แž”แžถแž™แžฒแŸ’แž™แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แž”แžšแžทแž—แŸ„แž‚แŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ…แž–แžธแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž…แžปแž„แž—แŸ… แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแžแŸ‹แžแžถแŸ†แž„แžฒแŸ’แž™แž‡แžฝแž™แž‡แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžผแž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž™แž€แž‘แŸ…แžฒแŸ’แž™แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžˆแžšแž‡แžพแž„แž“แŸ…แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž˜แŸ„แž„แžฌแžŸแŸ’แžŸแžธแŸ” แž–แŸแž›แžแŸ’แžšแžกแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€แž•แŸ’แžŸแžถแžšแž›แžพแžœแžทแž‰ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แžšแŸ€แž”แž…แŸ†แžฒแŸ’แž™แžšแŸ€แž”แž€แžถแžšแž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸฃแŸ แž‚แžผแžšแŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแžšแŸ€แž”แž€แžถแžšแžšแžฝแž… แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžผแž“แžฒแŸ’แž™แž‘แŸ…แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แž“แŸ…แž–แŸ’แžšแž›แžถแž“แŸ’แžแž™แž“แŸ’แžแž แŸ„แŸ‡แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž”แžถแžแŸ‹แžŠแŸ†แž”แž„แŸ” แž…แŸ†แžŽแŸ‚แž€แž”แŸ’แžŠแžธแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžผแž“แžฒแŸ’แž™แž‘แŸ…แž€แžถแž“แŸ‹แž€แž„แž€แžถแŸ†แž—แŸ’แž›แžพแž„แž’แŸ† แž“แŸ…แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž™แžšแŸ†แž…แŸแž€ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžŸแŸ’แžแžทแžแž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž”แžถแžแŸ‹แžŠแŸ†แž”แž„แŸ”

แž“แŸ…แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸฉ แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜แž”แžถแž“แžœแžถแž™แž…แžผแž›แž˜แž€แžšแŸ†แžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž”แžถแžแŸ‹แžŠแŸ†แž”แž„ แž–แŸแž›แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžŠแžธแž˜แžทแž“แž”แžถแž“แžšแžแŸ‹แž‘แŸ…แžŽแžถแž‘แŸแŸ” แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸขแŸ แŸกแŸฅ แž”แŸ’แžŠแžธแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แž‘แž‘แžฝแž›แž˜แžšแžŽแŸˆแž—แžถแž– แžŠแŸ„แž™แžŸแžถแžšแžˆแžบ แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแž—แžถแž–แž€แŸ’แžšแžธแž€แŸ’แžšแŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแŸแž…แž…แžทแžแŸ’แžแž•แŸ’แž›แžถแžŸแŸ‹แž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž”แžถแžแŸ‹แžŠแŸ†แž”แž„ แž˜แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž› แžƒแžปแŸ†แžขแž“แŸ’แž›แž„แžšแžถแž” แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž–แŸ„แž’แžทแŸแžŸแžถแžแŸ‹ แžŠแŸ„แž™แž”แŸ’แžšแž€แž”แžšแž”แžšแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž…แž˜แŸ’แž€แžถแžš แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž…แžทแž‰แŸ’แž…แžนแž˜แž‡แžธแžœแžทแžแžšแž แžผแžแž˜แž€แžŠแž›แŸ‹แžŸแž–แŸ’แžœแžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแŸ” แž‡แžถแž…แžปแž„แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แžšแžฟแž„แžšแŸ‰แžถแžœแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž…แž„แŸ‹แž…แžถแŸ†แž˜แžทแž“แžขแžถแž…แž”แŸ†แž—แŸ’แž›แŸแž…แž”แžถแž“ แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแžปแžŸแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸขแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž™แž€แž‘แŸ…แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แžŠแŸ„แž™แžŸแžถแžšแžแŸ‚แžšแžพแžŸแž€แŸ†แž–แžธแž„แžŠแžผแž„แž™แž€แž˜แž€แž แžผแž”แŸ”

แžŸแž–แŸ’แžœแžแŸ’แž„แŸƒ แž‘แŸแž– แž•แž“ แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แŸ†แž„แžบแž”แŸ’แžšแž…แžถแŸ†แž€แžถแž™แžŠแžผแž…แž‡แžถ แž€แŸ’แžšแž–แŸ‡แž–แŸ„แŸ‡แžœแŸ€แž“ แžŸแž“แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹ แžšแž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ„แž˜แžแžฝแžšแž€แŸ’แž”แžถแž› แž›แžพแžŸแžˆแžถแž˜แŸ•
แžŸแž„แŸ’แžแŸแž”แžŸแžถแž…แŸ‹แžšแžฟแž„แžŠแŸ„แž™แŸ– แž…แžถแž“แŸ‹ แžŽแžถแžšแžทแž‘แŸ’แž’

Tep Phan

My name is Tep Phan, a 78-year-old resident of Kandal Village, Anlong Reap Commune, Veal Veng District, Pursat Province. I was born in Talo Village, Talo Commune, Bakan District, Pursat Province. I was married to Sek Chhoun, who was captured and executed during the Khmer Rouge regime. I am the mother of ten children, five of whom passed away due to illness. My parents, Vit and Ses An, are both deceased. I am the eldest of seven siblings (three brothers and four sisters) of whom nine have died, including four brothers and three sisters.

When I was a child, I attended school up to the 12th grade at Ta Lo Primary School, located in Ta Lo Village, Ta Lo Commune, Bakan District, Pursat Province. However, I was forced to discontinue my studies due to my familyโ€™s financial hardship, as many of my siblings were also unable to continue their education. After leaving school, I assisted my mother with farming, household chores, and caring for my younger siblings. I also gathered small watermelons and cucumbers to sell to help support my family.

On April 17, 1975, the Khmer Rouge army overthrew the regime of General Lon Nol. Following their victory in Phnom Penh, I witnessed the Khmer Rouge forces entering and taking full control of my village. Shortly after, they began conducting background investigations on the villagers. Many individuals who had served as soldiers under the Lon Nol regime were identified, captured, and executed. One of my uncles was among those killed, as he had previously served as a paratrooper. After completing these investigations, the Khmer Rouge established cooperatives in the village, instructing people to pool their resources, live communally, work collectively, and eat together under the new regimeโ€™s policies.

During the Khmer Rouge regime, the army was divided into units for children, combatants, and the elderly. As a teenager, I was recruited into a mobile unit of about 200 to 300 members, later assigned to a smaller work group of 12 people under the leadership of a group leader. The mobile unit was led by a woman named Neary Vat. My first task was to dig a canal from Ta Lok Village to Prahal Village, located in Talo Commune, present day Talo Senchey District, Pursat Province. After completing the canal, I was transferred to work on the construction of the Damnak Chheu Kram Dam in Prek 1 Village, Sam Rong Commune, Phnom Kravanh District. Conditions were extremely harsh as I had little time to rest, and meals consisted only of steamed rice withwater lilies and morning glory sour soup. I worked on the dam for ten months, but it collapsed shortly after its completion. Everyone involved was terrified, fearing the Khmer Rouge would punish or kill us for the failure. After the dam collapsed, approximately two days later, I and about 30 others were evacuated to Battambang Province by Brother Moeng, a Khmer Rouge soldier from Phnom Penh. Upon arrival, Brother Moeng assigned me and the group to work in a towel factory, where I remained employed for one year. Afterward, I decided to leave the factory and moved to live with my aunt, Um Sien, in Slorkram Village, Slorkram Commune, Svay Chek District, Battambang Province (now part of Banteay Meanchey Province). Two months after leaving the factory, I was recruited by the Khmer Rouge to join the Womenโ€™s unit in Division 2, based in Phsar Leu, Battambang Province; however, I do not recall the name of the division manager. Upon joining, I was assigned to the cooksโ€™ station to prepare rice for the soldiers, and I was also tasked with transporting grain to Khmer Rouge forces stationed in Mong Russey District. After returning to Phsar Leu, the Khmer Rouge arranged my marriage as part of a group of 30 couples. Following the marriage, I was sent to work in the fields at the Battambang provincial airport, while my husband was assigned to the artillery unit at Banteay Romchek, also in Battambang Province.

In 1979, when the Vietnamese soldier arrived in Battambang Province, my husband and I had nowhere to flee. In 2015, my husband passed away due to illness and poverty. Following his death, I decided to relocate from Battambang Province to Kandal Village, Anlong Reap Commune, Veal Veng District, Pursat Province, where I have been farming to sustain my livelihood ever since. The memory I hold most dearly and will never forget is the tragic fate of two of my younger brothers, who were captured and executed by the Khmer Rouge for picking sprouted coconuts to eat.

Currently, Tep Phan suffers from chronic illnesses such as gastrointestinal problems, joint pain, cerebral atrophy, and high blood pressure.

Story summary by: Chan Narith

แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แž”แŸ‰แžทแž… แžแžผ แž—แŸแž‘แž”แŸ’แžšแžปแžŸ แžขแžถแž™แžปแŸฆแŸฃแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ† แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž€แŸ†แžŽแžพแžแž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžแŸ’แž›แžถ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž”แžšแžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ†แž–แž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž–แžบแŸ” แž”แž…แŸ’แž…แžปแž”แŸ’แž”แž“แŸ’แž“ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž› แžƒแžปแŸ†แžขแž“แŸ’แž›แž„แŸ‹แžšแžถแž” แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž–แŸ„แž’แžทแŸแžŸแžถแžแŸ‹แŸ” แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž˜แžปแžแžšแž”แžšแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž…แž˜แŸ’แž€แžถแžš แžŠแžถแŸ†แž–แŸ„แž แž“แžทแž„แžŠแŸ†แžกแžผแž„แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แžชแž–แžปแž€แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แž˜แŸ‰แžธ (แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹) แž“แžทแž„แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แž‚แž„แŸ‹ (แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹)แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแžแž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸฆแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ (แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแŸฃแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹)แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž‡แžถแž€แžผแž“แž‘แžธแŸขแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแŸ” แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แŸ…แžšแžŸแŸ‹แžšแžถแž“แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแžทแžแž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸฅแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แž˜แŸ’แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŠแŸ„แž™แžŸแžถแžšแž€แžถแžšแž‘แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แŸ‚แž€แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแž˜แŸแž™ แž›แž“แŸ‹ แž“แž›แŸ‹แŸ” แž”แŸ’แžšแž–แž“แŸ’แž’แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แž‡แžปแŸ† แžŽแžถแž˜ แžขแžถแž™แžปแŸฅแŸคแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžถแž“แž€แžผแž“แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸงแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ (แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแŸฅแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹)แŸ”

แž“แŸ…แžŸแž˜แŸแž™แžŸแž„แŸ’แž‚แž˜แžšแžถแžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ’แžแž“แžทแž™แž˜ แžชแž–แžปแž€แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž”แžถแž“แž…แžทแž‰แŸ’แž…แžนแž˜แžŸแžแŸ’แžœแžŠแŸ†แžšแžธ แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž€แž”แž˜แžปแžแžšแž”แžšแžšแž€แžŸแŸŠแžธแž‡แžถแž‚แŸ’แžšแžผแžแŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แž”แžปแžšแžถแžŽแŸ” แž‡แžถแžšแŸ€แž„แžšแžถแž›แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒ แžชแž–แžปแž€แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ‚แž„แžแŸ‚แž‡แžทแŸ‡แžŠแŸ†แžšแžธแž‘แŸ…แžšแž€แžแŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แž”แžปแžšแžถแžŽ (แžฌแžŸแžˆแžพ) แž“แŸ…แž›แžพแž—แŸ’แž“แŸ†แŸ” แž…แŸ†แžŽแŸ‚แž€แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž”แŸ’แžšแž€แž”แž˜แžปแžแžšแž”แžšแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แž…แž˜แŸ’แž€แžถแžšแž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แŸ†แžŽแžพแžแŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž’แŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แž‡แžทแŸ‡แžŠแŸ†แžšแžธแžกแžพแž„แž‘แŸ…แžšแž€แžแŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แž”แžปแžšแžถแžŽแž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™ แžชแž–แžปแž€ แž”แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแž แŸ‚แž›แŸฃแž‘แŸ…แŸคแž›แžพแž€แŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ…แž–แžธแž˜แžปแžแžšแž”แžšแžšแž€แžแŸ’แž“แžถแŸ† แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แžชแž–แžปแž€ แž”แžถแž“แžŠแžถแŸ†แžŸแŸ’แž›แžนแž€แž˜แŸ’แž›แžผแžš แžšแŸ‚แž€แž™แž€แž‘แŸ…แž›แž€แŸ‹แŸ” แž€แžถแž›แž“แŸ…แžœแŸแž™แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžš แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž˜แžทแž“แž”แžถแž“แž…แžผแž›แžšแŸ€แž“แžŸแžผแžแŸ’แžšแž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž‘แŸ แž–แŸ’แžšแŸ„แŸ‡แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž€แŸ†แž–แžปแž„แžŸแŸ’แžแžทแžแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แŸ’แž›แžพแž„แžŸแž„แŸ’แžšแŸ’แž‚แžถแž˜แžŸแŸŠแžธแžœแžทแž›แžšแžœแžถแž„แž‘แžถแž แžถแž“ แž›แž“แŸ‹ แž“แž›แŸ‹ แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แŸ”

แž“แŸ…แž…แž“แŸ’แž›แŸ„แŸ‡แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸ  แžŠแž›แŸ‹แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸฅ แž˜แžถแž“แž™แž“แŸ’แžแž แŸ„แŸ‡แž˜แž€แž‘แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แŸ‚แž€แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžแŸ’แž›แžถ แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžšแžแŸ‹แž—แŸ€แžŸแžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแž—แžผแž˜แžทแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžแŸ’แž›แžถ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž‘แŸ…แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž”แžนแž„แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แŸ” แžชแž–แžปแž€แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž”แžถแž“แž‡แžธแž€แžแŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸแž“แŸ…แžแžถแž˜แžœแžถแž›แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚ แž“แžทแž„แžแžถแž˜แž˜แžถแžแŸ‹แžขแžผแžš แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แž–แžธแž€แžถแžšแž‘แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แŸ‚แž€แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž‘แžถแž แžถแž“แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แž€แžถแŸ†แž„แŸ” แžขแŸ†แžกแžปแž„แž–แŸแž›แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถ แžŸแž˜แžถแž‡แžทแž€แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแžขแŸŠแžปแŸ†แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แžขแžŸแŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแžปแžŸแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž˜แžถแŸ’แž“แž€แŸ‹แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แžถแžแŸ‹แž”แž„แŸ‹แž‡แžธแžœแžทแž แžŠแŸ„แž™แžŸแžถแžšแž€แžถแžšแž‘แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แŸ‚แž€แŸ”

แž“แŸ…แž…แž“แŸ’แž›แŸ„แŸ‡แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸฅ แžŠแž›แŸ‹แž…แžปแž„แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸจ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแžแŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แž…แžผแž›แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แž„แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแž—แžผแž˜แžทแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžแŸ’แž›แžถ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž˜แžถแž“แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แžแžถ แžŽแŸ‚แž˜ แž‡แžถแž”แŸ’แžšแž’แžถแž“แž€แž„แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแŸ” แžแžถ แžŽแŸ‚แž˜ แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž€แŸ†แžŽแžพแžแž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžแŸ’แž›แžถ แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžถแž“แž…แžšแžทแžแžŸแŸ’แž›แžผแžแž”แžผแžแŸ” แžŠแŸ†แž”แžผแž„แžกแžพแž™ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“ แžแžถ แžŽแŸ‚แž˜ แž”แŸ’แžšแžพแžฒแŸ’แž™แž€แžถแž”แŸ‹แž‘แž“แŸ’แžšแŸ’แž‘แžถแž“แžแŸแžแŸ’แžš แžšแžพแžŸแžขแžถแž…แž˜แŸŒแž‚แŸ„ แž“แžทแž„แž€แžถแž”แŸ‹แžŠแžธแžŠแŸ†แž”แžผแž€ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž›แžถแž™แž”แž‰แŸ’แž…แžผแž›แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž‡แžถแž‡แžธแžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แŸ” แžชแž–แžปแž€แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แŸ’แžšแžพแžฒแŸ’แž™แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž‡แžถแž แŸ’แž˜แžŠแŸ†แžšแžธ (แž˜แžพแž›แžแŸ‚แžŸแžแŸ’แžœแžŠแŸ†แžšแžธ)แŸ” แž…แŸ†แžŽแŸ‚แž€แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™ แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แŸ’แžšแžพแžฒแŸ’แž™แž›แžพแž€แž—แŸ’แž›แžบแžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚ แž“แžทแž„แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚ แžŠแž€ แžŸแŸ’แž‘แžผแž„แž“แŸ…แžแžถแž˜แžŸแž แž€แžšแžŽแŸแŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ…แž–แžธแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž‡แžธ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แŸ’แžšแžพแžฒแŸ’แž™แžšแŸ‚แž€แžŠแžธ แž›แžพแž€แž‘แŸ†แž“แž”แŸ‹แž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แž’แŸ’แž„แž“แŸ‹แž’แŸ’แž„แžšแŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แŸฆแž–แŸ’แžšแžนแž€ แžšแž แžผแžแžŠแž›แŸ‹แž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แŸกแŸกแž–แŸ’แžšแžนแž€ แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž€แž แžผแž”แž”แž”แžšแž˜แŸ’แžŠแž„ แž“แžทแž„แž…แžปแŸ‡แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแž„แžถแžšแž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แŸกแž‘แŸ…แž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แŸขแžšแžŸแŸ€แž› แžšแž แžผแžแžŠแž›แŸ‹แž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แŸฅแž›แŸ’แž„แžถแž… แž‘แžพแž”แž”แžถแž“แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž€แž แžผแž”แž”แž”แžšแž˜แŸ’แžŠแž„แž‘แŸ€แžแŸ” แž›แžปแŸ‡แž™แž”แŸ‹แžกแžพแž„แž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž แŸ‚แž›แŸงแž™แž”แŸ‹ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แž“แŸ’แžแž‘แŸ…แžšแŸ‚แž€แžŠแžธแžšแž แžผแžแžŠแž›แŸ‹แž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แŸกแŸ แž™แž”แŸ‹ แž‘แžพแž”แžขแžถแž…แž…แžผแž›แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž€แž”แžถแž“แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž แžผแž”แžขแžถแž แžถแžšแž˜แžทแž“แž”แžถแž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž“แŸ‹แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž‘แŸ แž˜แžถแž“แž”แž”แžšแž›แžถแž™แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž–แŸ„แž แžฌแžŠแŸ†แžกแžผแž„ แž แžผแž”แž›แžถแž™แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž›แž–แŸ’แžšแž›แžทแžแžŸแŸ’แž‘แžพแžšแžšแžšแŸ€แž„แžšแžถแž›แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแŸ” แž–แŸแž›แžแŸ’แž›แŸ‡แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž˜แžฝแž™แžŸแž”แŸ’แžŠแžถแž แŸ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แž แžผแž”แž”แž„แŸ’แžขแŸ‚แž˜แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แž˜แžฝแž™แž˜แŸ’แžŠแž„แŸ” แžšแŸ€แž„แžšแžถแž›แŸ‹แž–แŸแž›แž™แž”แŸ‹ แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แžแŸ‚แž แŸ…แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแž‘แŸ…แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžปแŸ† แžŠแŸ„แž™แž“แžทแž™แžถแž™แžแžถ แžฒแŸ’แž™แž”แŸ’แžšแžนแž„แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžฒแŸ’แž™แž”แžถแž“แž›แŸ’แžขแŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแž˜แžฝแž™แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“ แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แžŠแž€แž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแž—แžผแž˜แžทแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžแŸ’แž›แžถ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž”แžšแžŸแŸแžŠแŸ’แž‹ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ†แž–แž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž–แžบ แž”แž‰แŸ’แž…แžผแž“แž‘แŸ…แž€แžถแž“แŸ‹ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžแŸ’แžšแžถแŸ†แž€แž€แŸ‹ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแžแžถแž€แŸ‚แžœแŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แžขแžŸแŸ‹ แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แŸ’แžšแžพแžฒแŸ’แž™แž€แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแž€แŸ’แžŠแžฝแž… แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแžแžถแž€แŸ‚แžœแŸ” แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžšแž”แž”แžขแžถแž แžถแžš แž‚แžบแž˜แžถแž“แž—แžถแž–แžแŸ’แžœแŸ‡แžแžถแžแžŠแžผแž…แž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžแŸ’แž›แžถแžŠแŸ‚แžšแŸ” แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แž”แŸ’แžšแž แŸ‚แž›แŸคแž‘แŸ…แŸฅแžแŸ‚ แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž˜แž€ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แžŠแž€แž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแžแŸแžแŸ’แžแžแžถแž€แŸ‚แžœ แžŠแŸ„แž™แž”แž‰แŸ’แž…แžผแž“แž˜แž€แž€แžถแž“แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž€แŸ†แžŽแžพแžแžœแžทแž‰แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžถแžฒแŸ’แž™แžŠแžถแŸ†แžขแŸ†แž–แŸ… แž˜แžพแž›แžแŸ‚ แž“แžทแž„แžšแŸ‚แž€แž‘แžนแž€แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ„แž…แžŠแžพแž˜แžขแŸ†แž–แŸ…แžฒแŸ’แž™แž”แžถแž“แž›แŸ’แžขแŸ” แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžšแž”แž”แžขแžถแž แžถแžš แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž…แŸ‚แž€แžขแž„แŸ’แž€แžšแžฒแŸ’แž™แžŠแžถแŸ†แž”แžถแž™ แžฌแž”แž”แžšแž แžผแž”แžŠแŸ„แž™แžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แžฏแž„แž“แŸ…แžแžถแž˜แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แŸ”

แžŠแžพแž˜แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸฉ แžแžŽแŸˆแž–แŸแž› แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž€แŸ†แž–แžปแž„แžšแŸ‚แž€แž‘แžนแž€แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ„แž…แžŠแžพแž˜แžขแŸ†แž–แŸ… แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜แž”แžถแž“แž…แžผแž›แž˜แž€แžŠแž›แŸ‹แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžแŸ’แž›แžถ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž”แžถแž“แžฎแžขแŸ’แž“แž€แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž“แžทแž™แžถแž™แžแŸ—แž˜แž€แžแžถ แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜แž…แžผแž›แž˜แž€แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž”แžถแž” แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แžœแŸ‡แž–แŸ„แŸ‡ แž“แžทแž„แžแŸ’แž›แžถแž…แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แžŠแžผแž…แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แžŠแŸ‚แžš แž‘แžพแž”แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžšแžแŸ‹แž‘แŸ…แžšแž€แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แž“แŸ…แžŸแž แž€แžšแžŽแŸ แž“แžทแž„แž”แžถแž“แžšแžแŸ‹แžแžถแž˜แžขแŸ’แž“แž€แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแž—แžผแž˜แžทแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžแŸ’แž›แžถแž‘แŸ…แž€แžถแž“แŸ‹แž‘แžธแžšแžฝแž˜แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ†แž–แž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž–แžบแŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™ แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แŸ— แž”แžถแž“แž—แŸ€แžŸแžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แžแžถแž˜แžœแžแŸ’แžแž˜แžฝแž™แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ†แž–แž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž–แžบ แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžทแž“แž แŸŠแžถแž“แžแŸ’แžšแžกแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž€แŸ†แžŽแžพแžแžœแžทแž‰แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž‘แŸแŸ” แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แŸกแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ† แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž˜แž€ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แž”แžถแž“แžšแžแŸ‹แžแŸ’แžšแžกแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แŸ†แžŽแžพแžแžœแžทแž‰ แž‘แžพแž”แž”แžถแž“แž‡แžฝแž”แž‡แžปแŸ†แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžชแž–แžปแž€แŸ”

แž“แŸ…แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸจแŸค แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž”แžถแž“แž…แžผแž›แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แžถแž—แžทแž”แžถแž›แž“แŸƒแžšแž”แž”แžŸแžถแž’แžถแžšแžŽแžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž˜แžถแž“แžทแžแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถ แž“แžทแž„แž”แžถแž“แž‘แŸ…แž แŸ’แžœแžนแž€แž แžถแžแŸ‹แž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แžŸแžถแžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ’แžแž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž™แžขแž“แŸ’แž›แž„แŸ‹แž‡แŸ’แžšแŸƒ แžŸแŸ’แžแžทแžแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžแŸ’แž–แž„ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ†แž–แž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž–แžบแžขแžŸแŸ‹แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แŸกแžแŸ‚แŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž˜แž€ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸกแŸ แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แž–แžธแžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžแŸ’แž–แž„ แž“แžทแž„แž”แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžผแž“แž‘แŸ…แž€แžถแž“แŸ‹แž‡แŸ†แžšแžปแŸ†แžแŸ…แž•แŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แŸ…แž–แŸ’แžšแŸ†แžŠแŸ‚แž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžš-แžแŸƒ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแžฒแŸ’แž™แž…แžผแž›แžšแžฝแž˜แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž€แž„แž€แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž‡แžถแž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžœแžšแžŸแŸแž“แžถแž’แŸ†แž›แŸแžแŸกแŸกแŸก แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แž„แž–แž›แž’แŸ†แž›แŸแžแŸกแŸก แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž˜แžถแž“แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แžšแžถแŸ†แž„ แž‡แžถแž”แŸ’แžšแž’แžถแž“แžœแžšแžŸแŸแž“แžถแž’แŸ†แŸกแŸกแŸก แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž’แžถแž“แž€แž„แž–แž›แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แž˜แŸ‰แžปแž“แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž”แžถแž“แž…แžผแž›แž˜แž€แž”แŸ’แžšแž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแž˜แžšแž—แžผแž˜แžทแžœแžถแž™แžแž‘แž›แŸ‹แž“แžนแž„แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž—แŸ’แž“แŸ†แžŸแŸ’แžšแžฝแž… แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžงแžŠแŸ’แžŠแžปแž„แŸ’แž‚ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžชแžšแŸ‰แžถแž›แŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžแŸ’แž–แž„ แž“แŸƒแžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ†แž–แž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž–แžบแžขแžŸแŸ‹แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แž‡แžถแž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸ”

แž“แŸ…แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸฉแŸฃ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž”แžถแž“แžŠแžพแžšแž‡แžถแž“แŸ‹แž˜แžธแž“ แž“แžทแž„แžšแž„แžšแž”แžฝแžŸแžแŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แž‡แžพแž„แž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แž’แž„แž“แŸ‹แž’แŸ’แž„แžšแŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแžšแž„แžšแž”แžฝแžŸ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž˜แžทแž“แž”แžถแž“แž…แžผแž›แžšแžฝแž˜แž”แŸ’แžšแž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแž˜แžšแž—แžผแž˜แžทแž‘แŸ€แžแž“แŸ„แŸ‡แžกแžพแž™แŸ” แžšแžฟแž„แžšแŸ‰แžถแžœแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แž…แž„แž…แžถแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžทแž“แžขแžถแž…แž”แŸ†แž—แŸ’แž›แŸแž…แž”แžถแž“แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแž˜แŸแž™แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜ แž‚แžบแž“แŸ…แžขแŸ†แžกแžปแž„แž–แŸแž›แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž“แŸ…แž‡แžถแž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แŸ’แžšแžพแžฒแŸ’แž™แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แž›แŸ†แž”แžถแž€แžแŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„ แž‡แžถแž–แžทแžŸแŸแžŸแž€แžถแžšแž”แžšแžทแž—แŸ„แž‚แžขแžถแž แžถแžšแž˜แžทแž“แž”แžถแž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž“แŸ‹ แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแž˜แŸ’แžšแžผแžœแžฒแŸ’แž™แž แžผแž”แž”แž”แžšแžขแžŸแŸ‹แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แŸฃแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸ”

แžŸแž–แŸ’แžœแžแŸ’แž„แŸƒ แž”แŸ‰แžทแž… แžแžผ แž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž–แžทแž€แžถแžš แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แŸ†แž„แžบแž”แŸ’แžšแž…แžถแŸ†แž€แžถแž™ แž‚แžบแž‡แŸ†แž„แžบแžŸแžฝแž(แž€แŸ’แžขแž€แž’แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แžˆแžถแž˜)แŸ”
แžŸแž„แŸ’แžแŸแž”แžŸแžถแž…แŸ‹แžšแžฟแž„แžŠแŸ„แž™แŸ– แž˜แžฟแž“ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแžŽแžปแž…

Pech To

My name is Pech To. I am a 63-year-old male, born in Prey Kla Village, Basedth District, Kampong Speu Province. I currently reside in Kandal Village, Anlong Reap Commune, Veal Veng District, Pursat Province. I work as a farmer, cultivating corn and cassava. My parents, Mey and Kong, are both deceased. I have six siblings, including three sisters, and I am the second child in my family. Five of my siblings are still living, while one sibling died as a result of bombing during the Lon Nol era. My wife, Chum Nam, is 54 years old, and we have seven children, five of whom are girls.

During the Sangkum Reastr Niyum regime, my father raised elephants and served as a traditional medicine teacher. Each day, he would ride an elephant to the mountains to gather medicinal roots. My mother worked as a farmer in our hometown. I accompanied my father on the elephant on about three or four occasions to collect traditional medicine. In addition to harvesting medicinal plants, my father and I planted betel leaves for sale. I did not attend school as a child because our village was caught in the midst of the civil conflict between the Lon Nol government and the Khmer Rouge.

Between 1970 and 1975, Prey Kla Village was subjected to bombings from planes. To escape the attacks, my family fled to Boeung Sre Village. My parents dug trenches in the rice fields and along the riverbanks to seek shelter from the bombings carried out by American forces. Tragically, during this period, my maternal uncleโ€™s entire family and one of my younger brothers were killed in the bombings.

Between 1975 and the end of 1978, I was assigned by the Khmer Rouge to the childrenโ€™s group in Prey Kla Village, under the leadership of Ta Nem, a gentle man from our village. Initially, Ta Nem tasked me with cutting tree branches, collecting cow dung, and digging soil to prepare fertilizer for the rice fields. My father was assigned as an elephant herder, while my mother was compelled to clear and cultivate the rice fields and transplant seedlings within the cooperative. In addition to making fertilizer, I was required to dig soil and help build dams, which was very demanding work. My daily schedule was long and exhausting: I worked from 6 AM to 11 AM, took a short break for porridge, then resumed work from 1PM to 5PM, followed by another porridge break. At night, around 7 PM., I had to continue carrying dirt until 10 PM before resting. Food was scarce so I mostly ate porridge mixed with corn or potatoes, accompanied almost daily by water lily soup. Occasionally, about once a week, I would have a dessert.

Every night, the Khmer Rouge would gather a group of children for meetings, urging them to work hard and give their best effort. Subsequently, I, along with other children from Prey Kla Village, Parset District, Kampong Speu Province, was sent to Tram Kak District, Takeo Province. There, we were forced to cut down the forest in Prey Kdouch Village, Takeo Province. Food remained as scarce as it was in Prey Kla Village. After approximately four to five months, the Khmer Rouge transferred me back to my hometown, where I was ordered to plant and tend sugarcane, as well as fetch water to irrigate the crops. The Khmer Rouge distributed rice to the groups to prepare porridge among themselves.

In early 1979, while I was drawing water to irrigate the sugarcane fields, the Vietnamese soldiers arrived in Prey Kla Village. I overheard villagers speaking fearfully about how the Vietnamese intended to torture people and cut open their stomachs. Fearing that I would be arrested by them, I fled to find my mother at the cooperative and joined the villagers from Prey Kla as they fled to the provincial capital of Kampong Speu. My mother, siblings, and I took refuge in several pagodas throughout Kampong Speu Province, too afraid to return home. After a year, my mother and I returned to our hometown, where we were reunited with my father.

In 1984, I enlisted in the soldiers of the Government of the Peopleโ€™s Republic of Kampuchea and underwent military tactics training for one month at Anlong Chrey Fort in Thpong District, Kampong Speu Province. Subsequently, I, along with ten other soldiers, was captured by Khmer Rouge forces in Thpong District and sent to the Khao Phlu camp on the Cambodian Thai border to join their ranks. I served as a soldier in Regiment No. 111, Division No. 11, under the command of Raing, the regiment commander, and Mon, the division commander. Following this, I engaged in combat against the Vietnamese soldiers across several districts in Kampong Speu Province, including Phnom Sruoch, Oudong, Aoral, and Thpong, for many years.

In 1993, I stepped on a landmine and sustained a serious leg injury, which prevented me from participating in any further combat operations. One memory from the Khmer Rouge era that remains vivid and unforgettable is the extremely hard labor I was forced to endure as a child, coupled with severe food shortages that left me surviving largely on porridge for three years.

Currently, Pech To is disabled and suffers from a chronic illness called tuberculosis (with coughing up blood).

Story summary by: Moeurn Sreynoch

แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แžŒแžผ แž“แŸ… แž—แŸแž‘แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธ แžขแžถแž™แžปแŸฆแŸฃแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ† แž”แŸ’แžšแž€แž”แž˜แžปแžแžšแž”แžšแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž…แž˜แŸ’แž€แžถแžšแŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž€แŸ†แžŽแžพแžแž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžšแžถแŸ†แž„แž‘แŸ แžƒแžปแŸ†แž‡แžพแž„แžšแžถแžŸแŸ‹ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžงแžŠแžปแž„แŸ’แž‚ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ†แž–แž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž–แžบแŸ” แž”แž…แŸ’แž…แžปแž”แŸ’แž”แž“แŸ’แž“แž“แŸแŸ‡แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž› แžƒแžปแŸ†แžขแž“แŸ’แž›แž„แŸ‹แžšแžถแž” แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž–แŸ„แž’แžทแŸแžŸแžถแžแŸ‹แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แžชแž–แžปแž€แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แžŸแžปแž(แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹) แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แžŸแžถแŸ† (แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹)แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸคแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸขแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แŸ” แžชแž–แžปแž€แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแž–แž“แŸ’แž’แž‘แžธแŸข แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžถแž“แž€แžผแž“แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸฅแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแŸฃแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‘แŸ€แžแŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžŠแžธแžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แžกแžนแž„ แž›แžธแž˜ (แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹) แžŠแŸ„แž™แžŸแžถแžšแž‡แŸ†แž„แžบแžแŸ’แž›แžพแž˜แž€แžถแž›แž–แžธแŸกแŸ แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แž˜แžปแž“แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž€แžผแž“แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸคแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแž˜แŸ’แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ แž€แžผแž“แŸ—แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžšแŸ€แž”แž€แžถแžšแžšแžฝแž…แžšแžถแž›แŸ‹แžขแžŸแŸ‹แž แžพแž™แŸ”

แž“แŸ…แžœแŸแž™แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžชแž–แžปแž€แž“แžทแž„แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แž…แžปแž„ แž–แžธแž–แŸ’แžšแŸ„แŸ‡แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แž…แŸ„แž›แžแžถแŸ†แž„แž–แžธแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž€แžพแžแž”แžถแž“แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แŸฃแžแŸ‚แž˜แž€แž˜แŸ’แž›แŸ‰แŸแŸ‡แŸ” แžชแž–แžปแž€แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ‚แž„แžแŸ‚แž”แŸ’แžšแž€แž”แžšแž”แžšแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž•แŸ’แž‚แžแŸ‹แž•แŸ’แž‚แž„แŸ‹แž‡แžธแžœแž—แžถแž–แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแŸ” แž“แŸ…แžขแžถแž™แžปแŸงแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แž…แžผแž›แžšแŸ€แž“แžชแž–แžปแž€แž“แžถแŸ†แžฒแŸ’แž™แž…แžผแž›แžšแŸ€แž“แžแŸ’แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‘แžธแŸกแŸขโ€‹แž…แžถแžŸแŸ‹ แž“แŸ…แžŸแžถแž›แžถแž”แž‹แž˜แžŸแžทแž€แŸ’แžŸแžถแžšแžถแŸ†แž„แž‘แŸ แž“แŸ…แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ†แž–แž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž–แžบแŸ” แžšแŸ€แž“แž”แžถแž“แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แž˜แžฝแž™แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแŸแž…แž…แžทแžแŸ’แžแžˆแž”แŸ‹แžšแŸ€แž“ แžŠแŸ„แž™แžŸแžถแžšแžแŸ‚แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแž—แžถแž–แžแŸ’แžœแŸ‡แžแžถแžแžแŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„แŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž–แŸแž›แžˆแž”แŸ‹แžšแŸ€แž“ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แŸ…แž•แŸ’แž‘แŸ‡แž‡แžฝแž™แž˜แžพแž›แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแžฒแŸ’แž™แžชแž–แžปแž€แž“แžทแž„แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แž…แžปแž„แž‘แŸ…แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แŸ”

แž“แŸ…แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแž‘แžธแŸกแŸจ แžแŸ‚แž˜แžธแž“แžถ แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸ  แž›แŸ„แž€แžŸแŸแž“แžถแž”แŸ’แžšแž˜แžปแž แž›แž“แŸ‹ แž“แž›แŸ‹ แž”แžถแž“แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžšแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž”แŸ’แžšแž แžถแžšแž‘แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžŠแŸแž… แž“แžšแŸ„แžแŸ’แžแž˜ แžŸแžธแž แž“แžปแŸ” แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžšแžถแŸ†แž„แž‘แŸ แž‘แž‘แžฝแž›แžšแž„แŸ‹แž€แžถแžšแž‘แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แŸ‚แž€แž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แžแŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„แž–แžธแž™แž“แŸ’แžแž แŸ„แŸ‡แž‘แžถแž แžถแž“แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€ แž“แžทแž„แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžฒแŸ’แž™แžแžผแž…แžแžถแžแž“แžผแžœแž‘แŸ’แžšแž–แŸ’แž™แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แžŸแž“แŸ’แž’แžนแž€แžŸแž“แŸ’แž’แžถแž”แŸ‹แŸ” แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แžŠแŸ‚แž›แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แžขแžŸแŸ‹แž—แŸแž™แžแŸ’แž›แžถแž…แž“แžถแŸ†แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแžšแžแŸ‹แž‘แŸ…แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แžแžถแž˜แžœแžถแž›แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แž–แŸ’แžšแž˜แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แž‡แžธแž€แžแŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸแžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž–แŸแž›แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž”แžถแž“แž•แŸ’แž›แžถแžŸแŸ‹แž˜แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แžแžถแž˜แžœแžถแž›แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แžขแžŸแŸ‹ แž‘แžทแžŠแŸ’แž‹แž—แžถแž–แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž˜แžถแž“แžŸแž—แžถแž–แžŸแŸ’แž„แžถแžแŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แž˜แžถแž“แž˜แž“แžปแžŸแŸ’แžŸแžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แŸ” แž“แŸ…แžขแŸ†แžกแžปแž„แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸฃ แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžšแžปแžŸแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แŸ’แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž“แžทแž„แž€แŸ’แž˜แŸแž„แŸ—แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸขแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž”แžถแž“แž“แžถแŸ†แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแžŠแžพแžšแžƒแŸ’แžœแžถแž›แž‚แŸ„แž“แŸ…แžแžถแž˜แžœแžถแž›แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แžŸแžปแžแŸ— แžŸแŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžแŸ‚แž™แž“แŸ’แžแž แŸ„แŸ‡แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžขแžถแž˜แŸแžšแžทแž€แž”แžถแž“แž˜แž€แž‘แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹แž™แŸ‰แžถแž„แžŸแžถแž แžถแžœแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแž•แŸ’แžŸแŸƒแž”แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแžšแžฒแŸ’แž™แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžšแžปแžŸแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แžทแž„แž€แŸ’แž˜แŸแž„แŸ—แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸขแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‘แŸ€แžแžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แžถแžแŸ‹แž”แž„แŸ‹แž‡แžธแžœแžทแžแž“แŸ…แž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž›แžœแžถแž›แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แŸ” แž™แž“แŸ’แžแž แŸ„แŸ‡แžแŸ‚แž„แžแŸ‚แž˜แž€แž‘แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แŸ‚แž€แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžšแžถแŸ†แž„แž‘แŸแž‡แžถแž”แŸ’แžšแž…แžถแŸ†แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แžแžถแž˜แžœแžถแž›แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แžšแž แžผแžแž‘แžถแž›แŸ‹แžแŸ‚แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แžšแŸ†แžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แž”แžถแž“แž‘แžธแž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž„แž—แŸ’แž“แŸ†แž–แŸแž‰แŸ”

แž“แŸ…แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแž‘แžธแŸกแŸง แžแŸ‚แž˜แŸแžŸแžถ แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸฅ แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แžœแžถแž™แžšแŸ†แžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แž‘แžธแž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž„แž—แŸ’แž“แŸ†แž–แŸแž‰แž”แžถแž“แžŠแŸ„แž™แž‡แŸ„แž‚แž‡แŸแž™แŸ” แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž‡แžถแž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž•แŸ’แž›แžถแžŸแŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แž‘แŸ…แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžšแžถแŸ†แž„แž‘แŸแžœแžทแž‰แŸ” แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž“แŸ‹แžแŸ‚แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž…แžผแž›แžŠแž›แŸ‹แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžท แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž•แŸ’แžŠแžพแž˜แž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแžแž‡แžถแžŸแž แž€แžšแžŽแŸแžŠแŸ„แž™แž”แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แžขแžŸแŸ‹แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž•แŸ’แžŠแžพแž˜แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžšแžฝแž˜แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถ แž แžผแž”แžšแžฝแž˜แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถ แžŸแŸ’แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž“แŸ…แžšแžฝแž˜แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถ แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ‚แž„แž…แŸ‚แž€แž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžŠแž›แŸ‹แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แžœแŸแž™แŸ” แž›แžพแžŸแž–แžธแž“แŸแŸ‡แž‘แŸ…แž‘แŸ€แžแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแž˜แŸ‚แž”แŸ’แžšแž˜แžผแž›แž‘แŸ’แžšแž–แŸ’แž™แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž”แžแŸ’แžแžทแž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž˜แžถแž“แžแž˜แŸ’แž›แŸƒแžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹แžšแžฝแž˜แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แžขแžŸแŸ‹แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แŸ†แž”แŸ‚แž€แž–แžธแž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแžฒแŸ’แž™แž…แžผแž›แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แž„แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžšแžถแŸ†แž„แž‘แŸแŸ” แž…แŸ†แžŽแŸ‚แž€แžชแž–แžปแž€แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแžแŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž…แžถแžŸแŸ‹แŸ—แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแŸ” แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž˜แžฝแž™แž€แž„แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแž˜แžถแž“แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแž”แŸ’แžšแž แŸ‚แž›แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸกแŸ แŸ แž“แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‡แžถแž„ แž แžพแž™แž€แŸ’แž˜แŸแž„แŸ—แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แžขแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแžแŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžŠแžผแž…แž‡แžถ แž”แŸ„แž…แžŸแŸ’แž˜แŸ…แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžขแžถแžแž“แŸ…แž‡แžปแŸ†แžœแžทแž‰แžšแŸ„แž„แžŸแž แž€แžšแžŽแŸแŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž•แŸ’แž›แžถแžŸแŸ‹แž–แžธแž—แžผแž˜แžทแžšแžถแŸ†แž„แž‘แŸ แžฒแŸ’แž™แž‘แŸ…แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแž„แžถแžšแž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž‘แžนแž€แž›แž„แŸ” แž–แŸแž›แž‘แŸ…แžŠแž›แŸ‹แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž‘แžนแž€แž›แž„แžŠแŸ†แž”แžผแž„แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แŸ’แžšแžพแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แžทแž„แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแž‡แžถแž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž“แžถแŸ†แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแž†แŸ’แž€แžถแžšแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž™แž€แžŠแžธแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž‡แžถแž…แž˜แŸ’แž€แžถแžšแŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž–แžธแž†แŸ’แž€แžถแžšแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแž แžพแž™แžšแžฝแž…แžšแžถแž›แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแžŠแžพแžšแž€แžถแž”แŸ‹แžŠแžพแž˜แžŠแžพแž˜แž‘แž“แŸ’แž‘แŸ’แžšแžถแž“แžแŸ‚แžแŸ’แžšแž”แž“แŸ’แžแžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž™แž€แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž‡แžธแžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แŸ” แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž˜แžฝแž™แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž…แžผแž›แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แŸงแž–แŸ’แžšแžนแž€แžšแž แžผแžแžŠแž›แŸ‹แž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แŸกแŸกแžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแžแŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แž‘แžพแž”แž”แžถแž“แž แžผแž”แž”แž”แžšแžฌแž€แŸแž”แžถแž™ แž“แŸ…แž…แž“แŸ’แž›แŸ„แŸ‡แž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แŸกแŸขแžŠแž›แŸ‹แŸก แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแžแŸ’แžšแž„แŸ‹แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แžขแžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž…แžผแž›แžšแŸ€แž“แžขแŸ†แž–แžธแžšแž–แŸ’แž™แž–แŸ’แž‡แžถแž“แŸˆแŸฃแŸฃแžแžฝแžšแž“แžทแž„แžŸแŸ’แžšแŸˆแŸ” แž“แŸ…แž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แŸกโ€‹แž…แžผแž›แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž”แž“แŸ’แžแž‘แŸ€แžแžšแž แžผแžแžŠแž›แŸ‹แž˜แŸ‰แŸ„แž„แŸฅแž›แŸ’แž„แžถแž…แž”แžถแž“แžˆแž”แŸ‹แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž€แž‘แŸ…แžแžถแž˜แž€แž“แŸ’แž›แŸ‚แž„แžšแŸ€แž„แŸ—แžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž˜แž€แž‘แŸ€แžแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž•แŸ’แž›แžถแžŸแŸ‹แž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžฒแŸ’แž™แž˜แž€แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž“แŸ…แž€แž“แŸ’แž›แŸ‚แž„แžšแŸ„แž„แž…แžทแž‰แŸ’แž…แžนแž˜แž‡แŸ’แžšแžผแž€ แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแžšแŸ‚แž€แž‘แžนแž€แžฒแŸ’แž™แž…แžถแžŸแŸ‹แŸ—แž”แž”แžšแž”แžถแž™แž‡แŸ’แžšแžผแž€แŸ”

แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸง แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž‡แŸ’แžšแžพแžŸแžšแžพแžŸแž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแžŠแŸ‚แž›แž˜แžถแž“แž€แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„แž˜แžถแŸ†แž˜แžฝแž“แž‡แžฝแž™แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž€แž„แž…แž›แŸแžแž‡แžฝแžŸแž‡แžปแž›แž”แŸ’แžšแžกแžถแž™แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž‘แžนแž€แž›แž„ แžŠแŸ„แž™แžšแŸ‚แž€แžŠแžธ แž‡แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžผแž“แžŠแžธแž…แžถแž€แŸ‹แž›แžพแžแŸ’แž“แž„แž‘แŸ†แž“แž”แŸ‹แŸ” แž›แžพแž€แž‘แŸ†แž“แž”แŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž‘แžนแž€แž›แž„แž”แžถแž“แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แž”แŸ’แžšแž แŸ‚แž›แŸฃแžแŸ‚ แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž•แŸ’แž›แžถแžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžฒแŸ’แž™แž‘แŸ…แž›แžพแž€แž‘แŸ†แž“แž”แŸ‹แž–แžถแž˜แž›แŸ’แžœแžถแž”แž“แŸ’แž แž–แŸแž›แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž˜แŸแž„แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž˜แžทแž“แžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹แž€แŸ†แžŽแžแŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž‘แŸ แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž˜แžถแž“แžขแžถแž™แžปแž–แŸแž‰แžœแŸแž™แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž€แŸ†แžŽแžแŸ‹แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž˜แžฝแž™แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž‡แžธแž€แžฒแŸ’แž™แž”แžถแž“แŸกแž˜แŸ‰แŸ‚แžแŸ’แžšแž‚แžธแž” แž”แžพแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž˜แžทแž“แž”แžถแž“แžแžถแž˜แž€แžถแžšแž€แŸ†แžŽแžแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž“แžนแž„แž€แžถแžแŸ‹แž”แž“แŸ’แžแž™แžšแž”แž”แžขแžถแž แžถแžšแŸ”
แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸงแŸจ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž…แžถแžแŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แž…แžผแž›แž€แž„แž…แž›แŸแž แž…แŸ’แžšแžผแžแžŸแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž“แŸ…แžแžถแž˜แžŠแž„แžŸแŸ’แž‘แžนแž„ แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž–แžธแž…แŸ’แžšแžผแžแžŸแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž…แž”แŸ‹ แžŠแžนแž€แžŸแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž˜แž€แž€แžถแž“แŸ‹แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž”แŸ„แž€แžŸแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแžœแžทแž‰แž˜แŸ’แžŠแž„แŸ” แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžขแžถแž แžถแžšแž แžผแž”แž…แžปแž€แž‚แŸ’แž˜แžถแž“แžขแŸ’แžœแžธแž แžผแž”แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž“แŸ‹แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž‘แŸแž˜แžถแž“แžแŸ‚แž”แž”แžšแŸ—แžšแŸ‰แžถแžœแž›แžถแž™แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž€แŸ’แžŠแžทแž›แž…แŸแž€ แž แžผแž”แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžŸแŸ’แž›แžแŸ’แžšแž™แŸ‰แžผแž„แž…แŸแž€ แžŸแŸ’แž›แžŠแžพแž˜แž…แŸแž€แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž”แŸ‚แž”แž“แŸแŸ‡แžšแž แžผแžแž‘แžถแž›แŸ‹แžแŸ‚แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜แž…แžผแž›แž˜แž€แžšแŸ†แžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžšแžแŸ‹แž‚แŸแž…แž–แžธแž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜แžแŸ’แžšแžกแž”แŸ‹แž‘แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžšแžถแŸ†แž„แž‘แŸ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžฎแž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž“แžทแž™แžถแž™แžแŸ—แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแžแžถแž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜แž…แžผแž›แž˜แž€แž“แžนแž„แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž™แž€แž‘แŸ…แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹แž…แŸ„แž›แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžฎแž”แŸ‚แž”แž“แŸแŸ‡ แž€แŸแž“แžถแŸ†แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแžšแžแŸ‹แž‚แŸแž…แž–แžธแž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜แŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž˜แž€แž”แžถแž“แž‡แžฝแž”แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜ แž“แžทแž„แž”แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แžฒแŸ’แž™แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž‘แžถแŸ†แž„แžขแžŸแŸ‹แž“แžถแŸ†แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแž…แžผแž›แž‘แŸ…แž•แŸ’แž‘แŸ‡แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž”แŸ‚แž„แžœแžทแž‰แŸ” แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸจแŸก แžชแž–แžปแž€แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แž•แŸ’แžŸแŸ†แž•แŸ’แž‚แžปแŸ†แžฒแŸ’แž™แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžš แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž–แŸแž›แžšแŸ€แž”แž€แžถแžšแžšแžฝแž…แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžŠแžธแž”แžถแž“แž“แžถแŸ†แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแž”แŸ’แžšแž€แž”แžšแž”แžšแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚แžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแž•แŸ’แž‚แžปแžแž•แŸ’แž‚แž„แŸ‹แž‡แžธแžœแž—แžถแž–แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแŸ” แžšแŸ€แž”แž€แžถแžšแž”แžถแž“แŸกแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แž”แŸ’แžŠแžธแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แž˜แŸแž‚แŸ’แžšแž…แžทแžแŸ’แžแž…แžผแž›แž”แž˜แŸ’แžšแžพแž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžšแžŽแžŸแžทแžšแŸ’แžŸแžŸแžถแž˜แŸ’แž‚แžธแžŸแž„แŸ’แž‚แŸ’แžšแŸ„แŸ‡แž‡แžถแžแžทแžŠแŸ„แž™แž…แžผแž›แž”แŸ’แžšแž™แžปแž‘แŸ’แž’แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแž˜แžšแž—แžผแž˜แžทแž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž‘แžถแž แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜ แžšแž™แŸˆแž–แŸแž›แŸงแžแŸ‚แž‘แžพแž”แž”แžถแž“แž˜แž€แž‡แžฝแž”แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž”แŸ’แžšแž–แž“แŸ’แž’แž˜แŸ’แžŠแž„แŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž˜แž€แž‘แŸ€แžแž”แŸ’แžŠแžธแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžšแžแŸ‹แž…แŸ„แž›แž‡แžฝแžšแž‘แžถแž แžถแž“ แž แžพแž™แž“แžถแŸ†แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž›แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸขแŸ แŸ แŸฃแŸ” แž–แŸแž›แž˜แž€แž“แŸ…แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž›แžŠแŸ†แž”แžผแž„แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž”แŸ’แžŠแžธแž“แžถแŸ†แž‚แŸ’แž“แžถแž†แŸ’แž€แžถแžšแž–แŸ’แžšแŸƒแžŠแžพแž˜แŸ’แž”แžธแžŠแžถแŸ†แžŸแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž“แžทแž„แž”แž“แŸ’แž›แŸ‚แž”แž“แŸ’แžแžทแž…แž”แž“แŸ’แžแžฝแž…แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž แžผแž” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž˜แž€แž…แžถแž”แŸ‹แžŠแžธแžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แžฏแž„แž”แžถแž“แžแŸ’แž›แŸ‡ แž‘แžทแž‰แž‚แŸแžแŸ’แž›แŸ‡แž”แžถแž“แžŠแžธแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž…แž˜แŸ’แž€แžถแžšแžšแž แžผแžแž˜แž€แžŠแž›แŸ‹แž”แž…แŸ’แž…แžปแž”แŸ’แž”แž“แŸ’แž“แž“แŸแŸ‡แŸ”

แžšแžฟแž„แžšแŸ‰แžถแžœแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž…แžถแŸ†แž˜แžทแž“แž—แŸ’แž›แŸแž…แž˜แžทแž“แž—แŸ’แž›แŸแž…แž–แžธแžšแž”แž”แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž‚แžบแžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž”แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแžพแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžฒแŸ’แž™แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž›แžพแžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„แž–แž›แž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžš แž แžพแž™แžขแžถแž แžถแžšแž แžผแž”แž…แžปแž€แž˜แžทแž“แž”แžถแž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž“แŸ‹แŸ” แž แžผแž”แžแŸ‚แž”แž”แžšแžšแŸ‰แžถแžœแŸ—แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž˜แžฝแž™แžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแž‘แž‘แžฝแž›แž”แžถแž“แžแŸ‚แž–แžธแž–แŸแž›แž”แŸ‰แžปแžŽแŸ’แžŽแŸ„แŸ‡แŸ”
แžŸแž„แŸ’แžแŸแž”แžŸแžถแž…แŸ‹แžšแžฟแž„แžŠแŸ„แž™แŸ– แžกแžถแŸ† แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแž“แžธแž

Dou Nov

My name is Dou Nov, a 63-year-old female farmer. I was born in Raing Te Village, Cheung Roas Commune, Oudong District, Kampong Speu Province. I currently reside in Kandal Village, Anlong Reap Commune, Veal Veng District, Pursat Province. My parents, Sok and Sam, are both deceased. I have four siblings, including two sisters. My father had a second wife and five children, three of whom are girls. My husband, Loeng Lim, passed away from liver disease ten years ago. I have four children, including one daughter, all of whom are married.

When I was a child, I lived with my father and stepmother, as my mother passed away when I was only three months old. My father worked diligently in the fields to support our family. At the age of seven, I was enrolled in Grade 1 at Raing Te Primary School in Kampong Speu Province. After completing one year of schooling, I had to discontinue my education due to my familyโ€™s financial difficulties. Following this, I stayed at home to help care for my younger siblings, allowing my father and stepmother to focus on their work in the fields.

When I was a child, I lived with my father and stepmother because my mother died when I was three months old. My father worked constantly in the fields to support our family. At the age of seven, I was enrolled in Grade 12 of the old education system at Raing Te Primary School in Kampong Speu Province. After studying for one year, I had to stop my education due to my familyโ€™s extreme poverty. After leaving school, I stayed at home to help care for my younger siblings so that my father and stepmother could work in the fields.

On March 18, 1970, General Lon Nol staged a coup to overthrow Prince Norodom Sihanouk. Following this, Raing Te Village was heavily bombed by American aircraft, causing extensive damage to the property of residents. Fearful for their safety, the villagers fled to live in the rice fields, where they dug trenches to hide from the attacks. Once the villagers had relocated, Raing Te became quiet and deserted. In 1973, tragedy struck when one of my brothers and two other children from the village were grazing cows in the rice fields and were killed by a sudden bombing by American planes. The bombings on Raing Te Village occurred regularly, forcing me to live in the rice fields until the Khmer Rouge took control of Phnom Penh.

On April 17 1975, the Khmer Rouge successfully took control of Phnom Penh. My family, along with many others, was relocated by the Khmer Rouge to live in Raing Te Village. Upon arrival, the Khmer Rouge began establishing cooperatives, instructing everyone to work, eat, and live collectively, while assigning tasks to people of all ages. Additionally, the Khmer Rouge confiscated all valuable possessions from the residents. I was separated from my family and assigned to work in a childrenโ€™s group in Raing Te Village, while my father was tasked with working alongside the base people. In each childrenโ€™s group, there were approximately 100 children, all assigned by the Khmer Rouge to perform tasks such as weeding and cleaning around the cooperative. I was later transferred from Raing Te Village to work in Toek Lorng Village. Upon arrival, the Khmer Rouge ordered me and many other children to clear the forest to prepare land for farming. After clearing the forest, I was tasked with cutting down bushes to use as fertilizer for the rice fields. My daily work schedule was grueling, from 7 a.m. until 11 PM, after which I could eat porridge or rice. Between 12 PM and 1PM, all children were required to study the 33 alphabet letters and vowels. After the break, I resumed work until 5 PM, taking short rests as needed. Later, I was transferred to a pig farm where I collected water to assist the elders in preparing porridge and rice for the pigs.

In 1977, the Khmer Rouge recruited strong children to assist the mobile unit in repairing the canal in Toek Lorng Village by digging, carrying, and placing soil over the dam. After working on the Toek Lorng dam for approximately three months, I was transferred to continue construction on the Peam Lvea Dam. At that time, I was still a child, so the Khmer Rouge did not impose any daily work quotas on me; however, adults were required to meet a daily target of one cubic meter of soil, with rations reduced if they failed to meet this quota. In 1978, I was assigned to the mobile unit to harvest rice along the river, and after harvesting, I carried the rice to the village for threshing. Food was scarce, consisting mainly of porridge mixed with banana leaves and soup made from banana flowers and stems. I continued this work until the Vietnamese soldiers arrived to liberate Cambodia. I then fled from the advancing Vietnamese forces and returned to Raing Te village. I heard rumors that the Vietnamese soldiers was approaching and would capture and kill people, so I fled in fear of their arrival. Later, I encountered the Vietnamese soldiers, who instructed me and others to return to our homes. In 1981, my father arranged my marriage. After getting married, my husband and I worked in the fields to support our family. About a year into our marriage, my husband volunteered to join the Kampuchean United Front for National Salvation and fought against the Khmer Rouge. It was seven months before I saw him again. Eventually, my husband deserted the army, and in 2003, we relocated to Kandal Village. Upon arriving, we cleared the forest to cultivate rice and vegetables for sustenance. Over time, we acquired land and purchased additional plots to continue farming, which we do to this day.

The memory I will never forget from the Khmer Rouge regime is being forced to work as a child laborer while suffering from severe food shortages. I often had only porridge to eat, and even that was provided only irregularly.

Story summary by: Lam Sreynit

แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แž€แŸแž แž”แŸŠแžปแž แž—แŸแž‘แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธ แžขแžถแž™แžปแŸฅแŸฆแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ† แž˜แžถแž“แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แž€แŸ†แžŽแžพแžแž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžชแžšแŸ‰แžถแž›แŸ‹ แžƒแžปแŸ†แžแŸ’แžšแž–แžถแŸ†แž„แž‡แŸ„ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžชแžšแŸ‰แžถแž›แŸ‹ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ†แž–แž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž–แžบแŸ” แžŸแž–แŸ’แžœแžแŸ’แž„แŸƒ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž› แžƒแžปแŸ†แžขแž“แŸ’แž›แž„แŸ‹แžšแžถแž” แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž–แŸ„แž’แžทแŸแžŸแžถแžแŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžถแž“แž˜แžปแžแžšแž”แžšแž’แŸ’แžœแžพแž…แž˜แŸ’แž€แžถแžšแŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แžชแž–แžปแž€แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แž”แŸ‰แžปแž€ แžกแŸแž„ (แžšแžŸแŸ‹) แž“แžทแž„แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แžŸแŸ„แž˜ แž”แŸŠแžผ (แžŸแŸ’แž›แžถแž”แŸ‹)แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžถแž“แž”แž„แž”แŸ’แžขแžผแž“แž”แž„แŸ’แž€แžพแžแž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸฆแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ (แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแŸฅแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹) แž แžพแž™ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž‡แžถแž€แžผแž“แž…แŸ’แž”แž„แŸ” แžŸแŸ’แžœแžถแž˜แžธแžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แž…แžถแž“แŸ‹ แžŽแžปแŸ† แžขแžถแž™แžปแŸฅแŸจแž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžถแž“แž€แžผแž“แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แŸฆแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹ (แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแŸคแž“แžถแž€แŸ‹)แŸ”

แž€แžถแž›แž“แŸ…แžœแŸแž™แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžš แžชแž–แžปแž€แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แŸ’แžšแž€แž”แž˜แžปแžแžšแž”แžšแžŠแžปแžแž‡แŸแžšแž‘แžนแž€แŸ” แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแž˜แŸแž™แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž“แŸ…แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแž แž€แžšแžŽแŸแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžชแžšแŸ‰แžถแž›แŸ‹ แž“แžทแž„แž”แžถแž“แž…แžผแž›แžšแŸ€แž“แžŸแžผแžแŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžขแž„แŸ’แž‚แž€แžถแžšแž”แžถแž“แž”แž“แŸ’แžแžทแž…แž”แž“แŸ’แžแžฝแž… แž”แŸ‰แžปแž“แŸ’แžแŸ‚แž˜แžทแž“แž”แžถแž“แž…แŸแŸ‡แžขแžถแž“ แžฌแžŸแžšแžŸแŸแžšแžขแŸ’แžœแžธแž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž‘แŸแŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ…แž–แžธแž€แžถแžšแžšแŸ€แž“แžŸแžผแžแŸ’แžš แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžขแž„แŸ’แž‚แž€แžถแžšแž”แŸ’แžšแžพแžฒแŸ’แž™แž“แŸ…แž‡แžฝแž™แž˜แžพแž›แžแŸ‚แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแžแžผแž…แŸ—แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž™แžถแž™แŸ—แž“แŸ…แžแžถแž˜แžŸแž แž€แžšแžŽแŸแž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžชแžšแŸ‰แžถแž›แŸ‹แŸ” แžŸแž˜แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แžšแž”แž”แžขแžถแž แžถแžš แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž แžผแž”แž”แž”แžšแž˜แžทแž“แž”แžถแž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแž”แŸ‹แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž“แŸ‹แž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž‘แŸแŸ” แžชแž–แžปแž€แžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžขแž„แŸ’แž‚แž€แžถแžšแž…แžถแžแŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แžŠแžพแžšแžƒแŸ’แžœแžถแž›แž€แŸ’แžšแž”แžธ แžšแžธแžฏแž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™ แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžขแž„แŸ’แž‚แž€แžถแžšแž…แžถแžแŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แž›แžพแž€แž”แŸ’แžšแž–แŸแž“แŸ’แž’แž—แŸ’แž›แžบแžŸแŸ’แžšแŸ‚ แž“แžทแž„แž”แžปแž€แžขแž„แŸ’แž€แžšแŸ” แž€แŸ’แžšแŸ„แž™แž˜แž€ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แžแŸ’แžšแžผแžœแž”แžถแž“แžขแž„แŸ’แž‚แž€แžถแžšแž”แŸ†แž”แŸ‚แž€แž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแž˜แŸ’แžŠแžถแž™ แž“แžทแž„แž…แžถแžแŸ‹แžฒแŸ’แž™แž…แžผแž›แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž€แž„แž€แžปแž˜แžถแžšแž‡แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžผแž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž”แžถแž“แž‡แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžผแž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž˜แŸ’แžŠแž„แž˜แžฝแž™แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แŸ— แž–แŸ’แžšแŸ„แŸ‡แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž˜แžถแž“แž‘แž˜แŸ’แž„แž“แŸ‹แž’แŸ’แž„แž“แŸ‹ แž แžพแž™แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž“แŸ…แžœแŸแž™แž€แŸ’แž˜แŸแž„แž–แŸแž€แŸ” แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž–แŸแž›แž˜แžฝแž™ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž‡แž‰แŸ’แž‡แžผแž“แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž”แžถแž“แž”แŸ’แžšแž แŸ‚แž›แŸขแŸ แž‚แŸ’แžšแžถแž”แŸ‹แž‘แŸ…แžŠแžถแž€แŸ‹แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžƒแŸ’แž›แžถแŸ†แž„แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžชแžšแŸ‰แžถแž›แŸ‹ แž€แŸแž˜แžถแž“แž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžœแŸ€แžแžŽแžถแž˜แž…แžผแž›แž˜แž€แžšแŸ†แžŠแŸ„แŸ‡แž”แŸ’แžšแž‘แŸแžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž–แžปแž‡แžถแŸ” แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž”แžถแž“แžšแžแŸ‹แž—แŸ€แžŸแžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แžแžถแž˜แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž…แŸแž‰แž–แžธแžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžชแžšแŸ‰แžถแž›แŸ‹แž‘แŸ…แž€แžถแž“แŸ‹แžƒแžปแŸ†แžขแž˜แž›แžถแŸ†แž„ แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžแŸ’แž–แž„ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž€แŸ†แž–แž„แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž–แžบแŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€ แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž”แžถแž“แž”แž“แŸ’แžแžšแžแŸ‹แž—แŸ€แžŸแžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แž‘แŸ…แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž‡แŸ†แžšแžปแŸ†แžแŸ…แž•แŸ’แž›แžฝ แž“แŸ…แž–แŸ’แžšแŸ†แžŠแŸ‚แž“แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžš-แžแŸƒแŸ”

แž“แŸ…แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸกแŸฉแŸฉแŸ  แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž”แžถแž“แžšแŸ€แž”แž€แžถแžšแž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แžŸแŸ’แžœแžถแž˜แžธแžˆแŸ’แž˜แŸ„แŸ‡ แž…แžถแž“แŸ‹ แžŽแžปแŸ† แžŠแŸ‚แž›แž‡แžถแž€แž„แž‘แŸแž–แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แŸ” แž”แž“แŸ’แž‘แžถแž”แŸ‹แž˜แž€แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž‚แŸ’แžšแžฝแžŸแžถแžšแž”แžถแž“แž…แžผแž›แž˜แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž›แžšแž แžผแžแžŠแž›แŸ‹แžŸแž–แŸ’แžœแžแŸ’แž„แŸƒแŸ” แžšแžฟแž„แžšแŸ‰แžถแžœแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ† แž”แžถแž“แž…แž„แž…แžถแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžทแž“แžขแžถแž…แž”แŸ†แž—แŸ’แž›แŸแž…แž”แžถแž“แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžŸแž˜แŸแž™แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜ แž‚แžบแžแŸ’แž‰แžปแŸ†แž˜แžทแž“แž˜แžถแž“แžขแŸ’แžœแžธแž แžผแž”แžฒแŸ’แž™แž”แžถแž“แž†แŸ’แžขแŸ‚แžแž˜แŸ’แžŠแž„แžŽแžถแž“แŸ„แŸ‡แž‘แŸแŸ”

แžŸแž–แŸ’แžœแžแŸ’แž„แŸƒ แž€แŸแž แž”แŸŠแžปแž แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แŸ†แž„แžบแž”แŸ’แžšแž…แžถแŸ†แž€แžถแž™ แž›แžพแžŸแžˆแžถแž˜ แžŸแž“แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŠแŸƒแž‡แžพแž„ แž“แžทแž„แžœแžทแž›แž˜แžปแžแŸ”
แžŸแž„แŸ’แžแŸแž”แžŸแžถแž…แŸ‹แžšแžฟแž„แžŠแŸ„แž™แŸ– แž˜แžฟแž“ แžŸแŸ’แžšแžธแžŽแžปแž…

Ket But

My name is Ket But, a 56-year-old female born in Aoral Village, Trapeang Chou Commune, Aoral District, Kampong Speu Province. I currently reside in Kandal Village, Anlong Reap Commune, Veal Veng District, Pursat Province, where I work as a farmer. My father, Pok Leng, is still alive, and my mother, Som Bou, is deceased. I have six siblings, five of whom are sisters, and I am the eldest. My husband, Chan Nom, is 58 years old, and together we have six children, including four daughters.

When I was a child, my parents worked as resin burners. During the Khmer Rouge era, I lived with my mother in a cooperative in Aoral Village and attended limited schooling provided by Angkar, but I did not learn to read or write. In addition to schooling, I was assigned by Angkar to assist with caring for young children alongside grandmothers in the cooperative. My diet was insufficient, and I often did not eat enough porridge. My father was assigned by Angkar to herd buffaloes, while my mother was tasked with cleaning rice fields and pounding rice. Later, I was separated from my mother by Angkar and placed in a childrenโ€™s group responsible for transporting bombs. Due to my young age and the heaviness of the bombs, I carried them one by one. On one occasion, I transported approximately 20 bombs to a warehouse in Aoral District. When the Vietnamese soldiers arrived to liberate Cambodia, I fled with other residents from Aoral District to Am Laeng Commune, Thpong District, Kampong Speu Province. I then continued to live with the Khmer Rouge at the Khao Phlu camp on the Cambodian-Thai border.

In 1990, I married my husband, Chan Nom, who was a Khmer Rouge soldier. Since then, my family and I have lived in Kandal Village, where we continue to reside today. The experience I remember most vividly and will never forget from the Khmer Rouge era is the constant lack of sufficient food.

Currently, Ket But suffers from chronic illnesses, including hypertension, arthritis, and dizziness.

Story summary by: Moeurn Sreynoch

แžขแž„แŸ’แž€แŸแžแž€แžถแžšแžŽแŸแŸ–
โ€ข แžขแŸ’แž“แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แžšแžถแž“แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแžทแžแž–แžธแžšแž”แž”แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แžšแžธแž€แžšแžถแž™แž“แžนแž„แž…แŸ‚แž€แžšแŸ†แž›แŸ‚แž„แžšแžฟแž„แžšแŸ‰แžถแžœแžŠแŸ‚แž›แžแŸ’แž›แžฝแž“แž”แžถแž“แž…แž„แž…แžถแŸ† แž“แžทแž„แž†แŸ’แž›แž„แž€แžถแžแŸ‹แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แžšแž”แž”แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แŸ”
โ€ข แžขแŸ’แž“แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แžšแžถแž“แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแžทแžแž–แžธแžšแž”แž”แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž“แŸ…แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„แž—แžถแž‚แž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แŸ†แž„แžบแž”แŸ’แžšแž…แžถแŸ†แž€แžถแž™แžŠแžผแž…แž‡แžถ แž›แžพแžŸแžˆแžถแž˜ แžŸแž“แŸ’แž›แžถแž€แŸ‹แžŠแŸƒแž‡แžพแž„ แž“แžทแž„แž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž–แžทแž€แžถแžšแŸ”
โ€ข แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแžšแžฝแžŸแžšแžถแž™แžšแžถแž€แž‘แžถแž€แŸ‹แž‡แžถแž˜แžฝแž™แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแžšแž”แžŸแŸ‹แž˜แž‡แŸ’แžˆแž˜แžŽแŸ’แžŒแž›แž•แŸ’แžŸแŸ‡แž•แŸ’แžŸแžถแžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„แŸ”
โ€ข แžขแŸ’แž“แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แžšแžถแž“แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแžทแžแž–แžธแžšแž”แž”แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜แž˜แžฝแž™แž…แŸ†แž“แžฝแž“แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแž—แžถแž–แž€แŸ’แžšแžธแž€แŸ’แžš แž“แžทแž„แž˜แžถแž“แž—แžถแž–แžแŸ’แžœแŸ‡แžแžถแžแŸ”
โ€ข แž“แŸ…แž€แŸ’แž“แžปแž„แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž˜แžถแž“แžŸแž—แžถแž–แžŸแŸ’แž„แž”แŸ‹แžŸแŸ’แž„แžถแžแŸ‹แŸ”
โ€ข แžขแŸ’แž“แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แžšแžถแž“แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแžทแžแž–แžธแžšแž”แž”แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜ แž“แžทแž„แž”แŸ’แžšแž‡แžถแž‡แž“แž—แžถแž‚แž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž”แžถแž“แžŠแžถแŸ†แžŠแŸ†แžŽแžถแŸ†แž…แŸ’แžšแžพแž“แž“แŸ…แž‡แžปแŸ†แžœแžทแž‰แž•แŸ’แž‘แŸ‡แŸ”

แž”แž‰แŸ’แž แžถแž”แŸ’แžšแžˆแž˜แŸ–
โ€ข แž˜แŸแžƒแž—แŸ’แž›แŸ€แž„ แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžฒแŸ’แž™แž•แŸ’แž›แžผแžœแžšแžขแžทแž›แž–แžทแž”แžถแž€แž’แŸ’แžœแžพแžŠแŸ†แžŽแžพแžšแŸ”

Observations:
1. Khmer Rouge survivors willingly and openly share their memories and experiences from the regime.
2. Many survivors in Veal Veng District suffer from chronic health conditions such as hypertension, arthritis, and disabilities.
3. The villagers are welcoming and friendly toward the Veal Veng Reconciliation Center team.
4. Some survivors live in poverty and face resource limitations.
5. The village environment is peaceful.
6. Most villagers, including survivors, cultivate various crops around their homes.

Challenges:
Rainy weather causes slippery roads, making travel difficult.

แžŸแž€แž˜แŸ’แž˜แž—แžถแž–แž€แŸ’แžšแžปแž˜แž€แžถแžšแž„แžถแžšแž˜แž‡แŸ’แžˆแž˜แžŽแŸ’แžŒแž›แž•แŸ’แžŸแŸ‡แž•แŸ’แžŸแžถแžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„แž…แžปแŸ‡แžŸแžฝแžšแžŸแžปแžแž‘แžปแž€แŸ’แž แž“แžทแž„แžŸแž˜แŸ’แž—แžถแžŸแž“แŸแžขแŸ’แž“แž€แžšแžŸแŸ‹แžšแžถแž“แž˜แžถแž“แž‡แžธแžœแžทแžแž–แžธแžšแž”แž”แžแŸ’แž˜แŸ‚แžšแž€แŸ’แžšแž แž˜
แž—แžผแž˜แžทแž€แžŽแŸ’แžŠแžถแž› แžƒแžปแŸ†แžขแž“แŸ’แž›แž„แŸ‹แžšแžถแž” แžŸแŸ’แžšแžปแž€แžœแžถแž›แžœแŸ‚แž„ แžแŸแžแŸ’แžแž–แŸ„แž’แžทแŸแžŸแžถแžแŸ‹
แž‘แžธแŸฉ แžแŸ‚แž€แž€แŸ’แž€แžŠแžถ แž†แŸ’แž“แžถแŸ†แŸขแŸ แŸขแŸฅ

Veal Veng Reconciliation Center: Oral History & Health Observation.
The Veal Veng Reconciliation Center team conducted field visits and interviews with survivors of the Khmer Rouge regime in Kandal Village, Anlong Reap Commune, Veal Veng District, Pursat Province.
Photos and Khmer Text: Chan Narith and Moeurn Sreynoch
English: Lim I-Phing
Documentation Center of Cambodia Archives
July 9, 2025

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