NHEM NOEUN

 

 

Case of Nhem Noeun (man) aka Khoeun

 

Interview with Ros Sithat aka Thouk, age 68, wife of Nhem Noeun, born 1936

and their daughter Nal Sokny, born 1975

 

Kok Kat Village, Tong Rong subdistrict, Prey Chor district, Kampong Cham province

 

Interviewed by Pivoine Pang

March 19, 2004

 

Summary

 

1936                Ros is born
 

pre-1961         Nhem joins the revolution  (could be as early as 1950, according to Ros)

                        In the earlier interview in which the tape was destroyed, she says he joined during the Sihanouk regime)

 

1961-1962       Ros and Nhem marry and live at O’Mlou in Kampong Cham.

                        Nhem works as a combatant (food transporter)

 

1970                Nhem works as a teacher and combatant. They move to Siem Riep?

 

1971                Nhem becomes a district chief of Sot Nikum district in Siem Riep, heading the men’s group
 

1973-1974       Ros becomes a district chief of Sot Nikum district in Siem Riep, heading the women’s group. After six months, she quits to do farming and silk weaving
 

1973                They went to Kulen Mountain to join a meeting with Khmer Rouge leaders (e.g., Khieu Samphan, Nuon Chea) and Sihanouk. Ros cooked for them and prepared clothes for the King. She shook the queen’s hand.

 

After the meeting, her son died of illness and there was no one to take care of him. According to Pivoine (the video tape broke and Pivoine had to begin the interview again), the parents didn’t care that their son had died because they only cared about the revolution.
 

1974-1975      Ros works as a weaving chief.

 

1977                Nhem is arrested. 1-4 months later, Ros is arrested and sent to the security office in Dem Derk village in Siem Riep. Her eldest child stayed in the cooperative (with his grandmother?). Two children were imprisoned with her. She gave birth to her fourth child after being in prison for a week.
 

1979?              Released from prison by Kae Pok[1] and sent to a cooperative, where

                        she hulled rice.

 

Ignore interview with Sokny

Pivoine

I would like you to tell me your story. Please tell me.

Sokny

I don’t have anything to tell you.

Pivoine

I’m sorry; what is your name?

Sokny

My name is Ny.

Pivoine

What is your family name?

Sokny

Nal Sokny.

Pivoine

Do you have a husband yet?

Sokny

Yes. His name is Samphy.

Pivoine

How many children do you have?

Sokny

Three

Pivoine

When were you born?

Sokny

1975 at Siem Riep province.

Pivoine

Which village?

Sokny

I don’t know.

Pivoine

Please tell me what you remember. What about your story during the regime?

Sokny

I don’t know. My mother told me about it when I was a teenager.

Pivoine

After you were born, what did you do?

Sokny

I don’t know because I was still young.

Pivoine

I asked you because I think you still remember.

Sokny

Of course, I don’t remember; I was with my grandmother,

Pivoine

Where did she live?

Sokny

In this village.

Pivoine

What was your grandmother’s name?

Sokny

Yiep.

Pivoine

When did you live with her?

Sokny

Since I was young.

Pivoine

You said that you know your story from your mother; what did she tell you?

Sokny

She told me about the suffering during the regime. The old ladies looked after me.

Pivoine

Did she tell you whether you were sent anywhere after you were born?

Sokny

No. The old ladies looked after me. I don’t remember any more.

Pivoine

How many siblings do you have?

Sokny

Four; two girls and two boys.

Pivoine

Did your mother tell you about your father?

Sokny

Yes, she did. She told my father loved me very much and that he carried me on his shoulder.

Pivoine

Did she tell you about your father’s position?

Sokny

[no reply]

Pivoine

Do you believe that there was a Khmer Rouge Regime?

Sokny

Yes, I believe there was because I saw it.

Pivoine

Do you want it to happen again?

Sokny

No.

Pivoine

[this is a reluctant witness; Pivoine had to convince her] You said it was hard for you to talk about this. I’d like to ask you. First, you said that you were called to the revolution by Kae Pok. When did you join?

BEGIN HERE

Ros

In 1970. [she was 35]

Pivoine

Where was Kae Pok from?

Ros

He was from the forest.

Pivoine

Which forest?

Ros

Toul Sambour.

Pivoine

When did you meet?

Ros

He came at night.

Pivoine

How did he talk to you?

Ros

He persuaded me to work in the revolution. I didn’t know, so I joined with him.

Pivoine

Where was your husband during the revolution?

Ros

He was with me.

Pivoine

Where were the two of you?

Ros

At Kampong Cham province.

Pivoine

Oh, can you tell me from the start, where did you live?

Ros

At first I was in O’Mlou [Kamong Cham]. In Steung Trang district, Sam Raong subdistrict.

Pivoine

Can you tell me the story of your marriage? How did you know each other?

Ros

He was my relative. He was my second cousin. I called him uncle.

Pivoine

When did you get married?

Ros

Between 1961 and 1962.

Pivoine

Where did you live after you were married?

Ros

I lived here, but my husband was not often here.

Pivoine

What did he study?

Ros

He finished secondary school and then he continued to study.

Pivoine

Where did he continue his studies?

Ros

At Kampong Cham province.

Pivoine

When did your husband go to Phnom Penh to study?

Ros

Before we got married.

Pivoine

Did he take you with him to Phnom Penh?

Ros

Yes, when my cousin got married.

Pivoine

Where?

Ros

At O’Mlou. I transplanted rice and worked on a farm there.

Pivoine

Where did you go first?

Ros

I was in my village. In 1970, I went to join my husband at O’Mlou. I separated from my parents.

Pivoine

Were you pregnant?

Ros

I gave birth to my first child in the year of the dragon.  [1964]

Pivoine

Is this the one who died in Siem Riep province?

Ros

Yes.

Pivoine

What did you do in Siem Riep?

Ros

I wove silk. I wove kroma, like in my picture.

Pivoine

Do you have it now [the scarf]?

Ros

Yes.

Pivoine

What did your husband do at O’Mlou?

Ros

He worked as a combatant.

Pivoine

When did he work as a district chief?

Ros

In 1971.

Pivoine

When did he join the revolution?

Ros

Before we were married.

Pivoine

Did he tell you who called him to the revolution?

Ros

I don’t know.

Pivoine

What was his position?

Ros

He joined with Hu Nim [minister of information and national assembly member in Kampong Cham] and Hou Yuon [national assembly member in Kampong Cham] [see their biographies in the folder]

Pivoine

How did he know them?

Ros

They met during the elections after 1950 [probably 1958]. My uncle Chum Saoun was also a national assembly representative in 1967 during the Sihanouk regime. My husband joined the revolution after he finished secondary school, after 1950. He studied at the same school as Hu Nim and Hou Yuon. They knew each other from the elections. They were living with the teachers and students.

Pivoine

Did Hou Nim call him to the revolution?

Ros

Sihanouk had called the students to go to the forest against Lon Nol. [but this would be 1970 or after]

Pivoine

What did he do after he joined?

Ros

He was a combatant.

Pivoine

Did he fight?

Ros

No. He just sent food to the battlefield.

Pivoine

Which battlefield?

Ros

At Koh Tralach.

Pivoine

Why did he send food there?

Ros

He took it for the soldiers.

Pivoine

Which soldiers?

Ros

The Khmer Rouge. The liberating soldiers.

Pivoine

Did they give him a position?

Ros